The effect of treatment with activated carbon on the metal content in reuse of lubricating oil waste

Abstract

Abstract. The effect of treatment with activated carbon to the metal content in the reuse of lubricating oil waste has been done. Waste lubricating oil has treatment using 1-butanol and KOH as a solvent and coagulant. The research studies of the effect of activated carbon to the metals are Pb, Cr, Ca, Mg and Fe in lubrication oil waste after treatment. Waste lubricating oil treatment by the adsorption method using activated carbon with various weight are 0,5; 1,0; and 1,5 g. The metal concentrate was analysis after and before treatment using Atomic Adsorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The analysis result shown the best weight of activated carbon for decreased of metals contains in lubricating oil waste is 1.5 g. Metal concentration of Pb, Cr, Ca, Mg and Fe in lubricating oil waste before treatment are 181.0002, 10.7198, 1019.0220, 325.8788 and 365.1329 mg/L (ppm), respectively. Metal concentration of Pb, Cr, Ca, Mg and Fe in lubricating oil waste after treatment are 47.5670, not detection, 2.6871, 44.3251 and 222.043 mg/L (ppm), respectively. Base on ASTM D5185 standard shown the Ca, Mg and Cr metals concentration according to the new lubricating oil quality standard. Pb and Fe metals concentration after process are still above the new lubricating oil quality standard. As a conclusion is activated carbon is a good material for treatment of waste lubricating oil, especially to reduce metal concentrations.

Binary Solvent Pretreatment, Adsorption and Definite Characterization of the Used Engine Lubricants.

“…Results on Table 2 show that the flash and fire points of the spent engine oil were reduced with an increase in time usage and mileage. Lubricants with low flash points that are below specification can cause a variety of engine problems, including crankcase explosions, as well as low lubricity due to high volatility, which can lead to engine wear and tear 30 . They also have limited rheological properties owing to excessive volatility, which can result in engine wear and tear.…”

“…Accumulated water causes condensation in the crankcase, resulting in oxidation of the oil 56 . However, the hydrophilic nature of the activated charcoal reduces the water content in the spent engine oil to acceptable levels 30 . The average mean value of the TEO at 4.52% against the UEO of 15.85% shows a remarkable outcome from the treatment processes, with the highest value of 4.53% with a UEO of 6.6% and the minimum point at 4.51% with a UEO of 15.1% at a 95% confidence level.…”

“…The water content of the used engine lubricant will also be remediated to acceptable limits due to its hydrophilic nature against the activated charcoal. It also has the ability to inhibit wax formation in used engine oils at elevated temperatures owing to its capacity to reduce the pour point of the spent engine oil, thereby protecting engines from start-up issues 30 . It was also established that it has the ability to restore the fire and flash points of engine oil by adsorbing contaminants and volatile hydrocarbons responsible for its reduction, thereby saving the engines from damage such as crankcase explosions as well as other hazards 30 .…”

“…Riyanto et al (2018) adopted 1butanol and potassium hydroxide as solvents and precipitators, respectively, to investigate the effects of metallic treatment on discarded lubricating oil with activated carbon. They affirmed that the waste lubricating oil treatment by the adsorption method using activated carbon significantly remediated the level of metals with the exception of Pb and Fe 30 . Abdulkareem et al 2014 employed distillation method in association with acid, activated clay and charcoal comparatively with the pre-treatment process on Mobil and Total engine lubricants in order to improve their reuse properties 31 .…”