The effect of urogastrone, enterogastrone and mepyramine maleate on gastric and pancreatic secretion

Howat, Henry T.; Schofield, Brett R.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1954.sp005029

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…4) which varies in different animals and can onlv be determined by previous experiment. These considerations virtually preclude the use of 'acute' preparations for routine assay purposes, since large numbers of tests are required to obtain results of any comparative value (Howat & Schofield, 1954). However, Code, Blackburn, Livermore & Ratke (1949) showed that if conscious dogs with gastric pouches are used and inhibitors tested against a steady secretion of juice obtained by repeated injections of histamine, consistent daily responses may be obtained by adjusting the secretion rate to be some fraction (e.g.…”

Section: The Assay Of Gastric Secretory Inhibitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new method for the preparation of urogastrone

Gregory¹

1955

The Journal of Physiology

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Section: The Assay Of Gastric Secretory Inhibitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new method for the preparation of urogastrone

Gregory¹

1955

The Journal of Physiology

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“…Even the definition of an antisecretory factor is uncertain, since some workers have assessed it by measuring inhibition of spontaneous secretion (e.g. in the Shay rat, Lugaro et al, 1965) while others have measured inhibition of secretion caused by histamine (Howat & Schofield, 1954) hibited secretion induced by histamine and pentagastrin, although there is no proof that a single substance was responsible for these various effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and assay of urogastrone, an inhibitor of gastric acid secretion

Lawrence

Schild

Smith

1971

British J Pharmacology

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Summary1. Urogastrone, an acid gastric secretion inhibitor extracted from human urine, was assayed in the anaesthetized rat by circulating through its stomach a succinic-propionic buffer and recording electrometrically the secretion of acid in response to carbachol, and inhibition of carbachol secretion by urogastrone. 2. Quantitative assay procedures are described requiring the administration of only one or two doses of urogastrone to each rat.3. An extraction procedure for urogastrone is described based on the use of zeocarb, a cationic polystyrene resin.4. The most purified samples contained 40-80 times the amount/milligram which was just detectable by the assay method.

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“…Scudi et al (1948) and Dreyer (1950) Further actions in which antihistamines resemble histamine are in producing a fall in blood pressure, in causing vasodilatation in the perfused dog's leg (Murray and Huston, 1952), and on the salivary glands in dogs, where antergan causes secretion (Halpern, 1942); in the course of the present experiments on dogs it was noted that the large doses of antihistamines injected caused salivation. In addition it has been reported that diphenhydramine will directly stimulate gastric secretion in man (Doran, 1947;Gilg, 1948), and a number of antihistamines have been found to potentiate histamine-induced gastric secretion (Deutsch, 1947 ;Emmelin and Frost, 1947;Wood, 1948;Ashford, Heller, and Smart, 1949;Dutta, 1949;Howat and Schofield, 1954).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bronchoconstrictor and Bronchodilator Actions of Antihistamine Drugs

Hawkins

1955

British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy

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Among the many side actions of antihistamine drugs which have been reported, the only direct action on smooth muscle which is well known is that on the uterus; most antihistamines have some oxytocic activity. It is generally believed that these drugs have no action of their own on the bronchial musculature, but a few exceptions have been reported. Bovet (1934) found that the early precursor thymoxyethyldiethylamine (929F) contracted guinea-pig bronchi, and Staub (1939) observed a similar action with N-phenyl-N-ethyl-N'-diethylethylenediamine (1571F). Castillo and de Beer (1947) show a tracing which illustrates that diphenhydramine (10-5) contracts the guineapig tracheal chain, but do not comment thereon. Herxheimer (1953) found that inhalations of aerosols of 3 % promethazine or 5% chlorcyclizine caused dyspnoea in guinea-pigs. On the other hand, De Schaepdrijver (1948) found that large doses of antazoline relaxed the bronchi of perfused guinea-pig lungs.Antihistamines are usually tested against histamine, using only low concentrations of the antagonist. In order to antagonize the anaphylactic contraction of bronchial muscle, much higher concentrations are required. In the course of some work in this field it was observed that all the antihistamines used caused contractions of the guinea-pig tracheal chain in concentrations between 10-6 and 10-4, and above these concentrations they caused relaxation. Because these were the very concentrations required to antagonize the anaphylactic contraction of isolated guineapig trachea or the allergic contraction of isolated human bronchus (Schild, Hawkins, Mongar and Herxheimer, 1951), the bronchoconstrictor action of antihistamine drugs was investigated further. The present work consists of a study of the direct action on the bronchial musculature of a series of twelve well-known antihistamine drugs. METHODSGuinea-pig Tracheal Chains.-Tracheal chains (Epstein, 1932;Castillo and de Beer, 1947) were made using 6 to 8 rings, tied tightly with cotton thread, and orientated alternately so that the muscle strips were aligned. Guinea-pigs of all sizes were used, but it was found that chains were easiest to prepare from the tracheas of animals weighing between 500 and 600 g. The preparations were maintained at 370 C. in KrebsHenseleit solution (NaCl 6.87; KCI 0.43; CaCl2 0.28; MgSO4,7H20 0.29; NaH2P]O,2H20 0.18; NaHCO3 2.10; glucose 1.00 g./l.) aerated with 02 + 5% C02, or in a similar solution containing one-tenth as much NaHCO3 aerated with 02 alone. The tonus level of the preparations was continuously recorded with a light balsa-wood frontal writing lever giving a magnification of about x20, tension about 200 mg., writing on a lightly smoked kymograph drum. The preparations were left for 1 to 2 hours before any drugs were given. During this period a marked rise of tonus level invariably occurred, the preparation then relaxing to a steady tonus level. Similar "post-mortem contractures" of isolated bronchial muscle were observed by Macht and Ting (1921).In general, two or thre...

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The effect of urogastrone, enterogastrone and mepyramine maleate on gastric and pancreatic secretion

Cited by 17 publications

References 10 publications

A new method for the preparation of urogastrone

A new method for the preparation of urogastrone

Preparation and assay of urogastrone, an inhibitor of gastric acid secretion

Bronchoconstrictor and Bronchodilator Actions of Antihistamine Drugs

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