The Effect of using Quail Litter Biochar on Soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) Production

Abstract

Biochars can be used as soil amendments for improving soil properties and crop yield. The objective of this research was to study the plant growth, yield, yield components, and seed quality, including nutrients and heavy metals (Pb, Cd, and Hg), in the soybean plant (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) and soil. The experiment was conducted from September 2010 to January 2011 in a greenhouse located in the Dan Khun Thot District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand. The research comprised six treatments with four replicates in a completely randomized design. Quail litter biochar (QLB) at rates of 0, 24.6, 49.2, 73.8, 98.4 and 123 g per pot mixture were provided to soybean cv. Chiang Mai 60. The results showed that QLB could be used as a soil fertility improvement and amendment for soybean production with an optimum rate of 98.4 g per pot mixture, which gave the best performance in terms of the number of nodes, height, DM accumulation, total yield, and seed quality. After the experiment, the nutrient contents in the soil increased as the QLB content increased, but the heavy metal residues in the leaves and seeds did not change. However, QLB at levels higher than 98.4 g per pot mixture is not advisable because QLB is alkaline in nature, which may affect soil pH.

Residual Effects of the Organic Amendments Poultry Litter, Farmyard Manure and Biochar on Soybean Crop

“…In soybean, the adequate plant nutrition is essential for enhance the pod set, which requires adequate availability of nutrients and assimilates in soybean plants [22]. These results are consistent with other studies, which it was observed a positive and high correlation between organic and mineral fertilizer use on number of pods per plants [21] [26].…”

“…When in suitable amount, biochar use can enhance agro ecosystems. Converting agricultural wastes into a useful soil amendment that holds carbon and makes soils more fertile, avoiding the deforestation and improving the food security [20] [21]. Through the response surfaces is observed that the best dose combination was the application of 5.49 Mg•ha −1 of either organic amendments combined with 200 kg•ha −1 of the mineral fertilizer; in order to obtain 2792; 2796 and 3672 kg•ha −1 of soybean grains obtained by the farmyard manure, biochar and poultry litter use, respectively.…”

Effect of Biochar on Nutritional Status of Soil.

“…The highest pH was found in poultry biochar followed by pine needle biochar, bagasse biochar and mixed biochar treated soils. The study of Suppadit et al (2012) also found an increase in pH and EC. An increase in soil pH by increasing biochar application rate might be due to the presence of alkali elements (Ca, Mg and Na) and the presence of -OH ions in biochar (Danish et al, 2015).…”

Growth Rates and Sunflower Production in Function of Fertilization with Biochar and NPK

“…Biochar significantly affected the number of viable achenes (NVA) and production of achenes per plant (PROD). According to Suppadit et al (2012) biochar had a significant effect on soy production components. There is also a significant effect of the interaction between the factors D × B for PROD (Table 3).…”

“…According to Banerjee et al (2014) It is observed that, although the fertilization with biochar reduced NVA values ( Figure 3B), the dose of 400 g/pot (19.62 g/plant) promoted an increase in the PROD of 16.72% in relation to the plants which were not fertilized with biochar (16.34 g/plant). According to Suppadit et al (2012) the application of 98.6 g/pot of biochar promoted a higher yield of soybean seeds. According to Tagoe et al (2008) the combination of 11.4 g/pot of biochar with 410 mg kg -1 of K increased the yield of soybeans and cowpea, respectively, of 53 and 185% in relation to the control (without fertilization).…”