The Effect of Using Two-Year-Old Male Coho Salmon in Hatchery Broodstock on Adult Returns

Appleby, Andrew E.; Tipping, Jack M.; Seidel, Paul R.

doi:10.1577/1548-8454(2003)065<0060:teouty>2.0.co;2

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Others observed that among half-pounders, mature fish were generally the largest individuals of the group: >349 mm FL (Kesner and Barnhart 1972) and 380 mm FL (Everest 1973). Appleby et al (2003) demonstrated that the frequency of jacks within a co-hort of Coho Salmon could be increased by increasing smolt size. Incidence of sexual maturity among half-pounders may respond similarly to increasing smolt size and, thus, to increasing freshwater productivity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Fitness Benefits of the Half‐Pounder Life History in Klamath River Steelhead

2014

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Steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss from several of the world's rivers display the half‐pounder life history, a variant characterized by an amphidromous (and, less often, anadromous) return to freshwater in the year of initial ocean entry. We evaluated factors related to expression of the half‐pounder life history in wild steelhead from the lower Klamath River basin, California. We also evaluated fitness consequences of the half‐pounder phenotype using a simple life history model that was parameterized with our empirical data and outputs from a regional survival equation. The incidence of the half‐pounder life history differed among subbasins of origin and smolt ages. Precocious maturation occurred in approximately 8% of half‐pounders and was best predicted by individual length in freshwater preceding ocean entry. Adult steelhead of the half‐pounder phenotype were smaller and less fecund at age than adult steelhead of the alternative (ocean contingent) phenotype. However, our data suggest that fish of the half‐pounder phenotype are more likely to spawn repeatedly than are fish of the ocean contingent phenotype. Models predicted that if lifetime survivorship were equal between phenotypes, the fitness of the half‐pounder phenotype would be 17–28% lower than that of the ocean contingent phenotype. To meet the condition of equal fitness between phenotypes would require that first‐year ocean survival be 21–40% higher among half‐pounders in freshwater than among their cohorts at sea. We concluded that continued expression of the half‐pounder phenotype is favored by precocious maturation and increased survival relative to that of the ocean contingent phenotype. Received October 23, 2013; accepted February 4, 2014

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Fitness Benefits of the Half‐Pounder Life History in Klamath River Steelhead

2014

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“…Length at release influences survival to adulthood in hatchery steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss (Larson and Ward 1955;Royal 1972;Tipping 1997) and sea-run cutthroat trout O. clarkii (Tipping 1986), while survival to adulthood in hatchery coho salmon O. kisutch is generally not affected by smolt length (Hager and Noble 1976;Hopley et al 1993;Appleby et al 2003;Tipping 2008). The smolt length of Chinook salmon O. tshawytscha has been shown to affect adult survival, although there is limited published literature on the subject (Fowler and Banks 1980;Bilton 1984;Martin and Wertheimer 1989;Beckman et al 1998).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of Juvenile Length on Chinook Salmon Survivals at Four Hatcheries in Washington State

Tipping

2011

N American J Aquac

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In 3 years at four Washington State hatcheries, a total of 10 groups of juvenile Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha were length‐sorted and coded‐wire‐tagged before release via the AutoFish System (Northwest Marine Technology, Shaw Island, Washington). After tagging, the length‐groups were combined at each hatchery and reared through spring release. The release groups comprised (1) lower Columbia River yearling spring Chinook salmon (four releases), (2) lower Columbia River fall Chinook salmon subyearlings (three releases), (3) mid‐Columbia River fall Chinook salmon subyearlings (two releases), and (4) Puget Sound summer Chinook salmon subyearlings (one release). In three releases, large juveniles at tagging produced significantly more jack returns (recovered at the hatchery or on spawning grounds in the year of release or the following year) than did small juveniles, while in one release mid‐sized and small juveniles each produced significantly more jack returns. In 7 of 10 releases, larger juveniles produced significantly more adult returns than smaller fish; there was no significant difference in 3 releases. If the smaller fish can be partitioned out and growth‐accelerated as juveniles, and if they subsequently survive to adulthood at the same rate as their larger cohorts, there is potential to increase adult survival by about 33% at little additional cost.Received May 18, 2010; accepted September 22, 2010

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“…This is in part because they are not genetically distinct and because the interplay between genetic and environmental factors determines the 'decision' whether or not an individual will mature early. Evidence for strong heritability in age-at-maturity comes from quantitative genetic studies (Hankin et al 1993;Heath et al 1994;Heat et al 2002) and measures at the population level (Hard et al 1985, Appleby et al 2003. Physiological traits mediated by environmental conditions (e.g., body size, fatness), can trigger early male maturation (Vøllestad et al 2004;Shearer et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They may benefit from reduced predation or other forms of ecological selection during reproduction (Quinn et al 2001). Nevertheless, jack males often represent a small portion of breeding populations of sockeye, coho and Chinook salmon (Carlson et al 2004, Appleby et al 2003, Myers et al 1998). This may partly reflect disadvantages of small size and reduced access to females during reproduction (Carlson et al 2004), although the natural relative breeding success of jack and adult male Pacific salmon has received very little attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

"Research to Improve the Efficacy of Captive Broodstock Programs and Advance Hatchery Reform Throughout the Columbia River Basin." [from the Abstract], 2008-2009 Progress Report.

Berejikian

2009

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The Effect of Using Two-Year-Old Male Coho Salmon in Hatchery Broodstock on Adult Returns

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

Potential Fitness Benefits of the Half‐Pounder Life History in Klamath River Steelhead

Potential Fitness Benefits of the Half‐Pounder Life History in Klamath River Steelhead

Effect of Juvenile Length on Chinook Salmon Survivals at Four Hatcheries in Washington State

"Research to Improve the Efficacy of Captive Broodstock Programs and Advance Hatchery Reform Throughout the Columbia River Basin." [from the Abstract], 2008-2009 Progress Report.

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