The Effect of Various Probiotic Strains or Avilamycin Feed Additive on Immune Defense Markers and Acute-Phase Response to Salmonella Infection in Chickens

Abstract

Probiotics are a nutritional tool for disease prevention. It has been proposed that stimulation of immune response could affect the growth-promoting properties of antimicrobial growth promoters as well as the control of foodborne pathogens. The current study compares immune response in the blood of 280 non-infected and Salmonella-infected chickens fed either with the growth promoter avilamycin or with one of five probiotic strains of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, which also showed growth-promoting properties. All of the probiotic strains stimulated superoxide anion production and the proliferation of leukocytes, while raising lysozyme and γ-globulin levels (by up to 65%, p < 0.01), which are important factors in native and cell-mediated immune defense against pathogens. In contrast, among the two strains examined, specific Salmonella antibodies were induced only by L. salivarius, and not by B. animalis, as assessed by the ELISA method and confirmed by an agglutination reaction (p < 0.05). In the avilamycin-fed group, both non-infected and infected chickens showed decreased levels of these immune markers (by 30%) and increased levels of ceruloplasmin by up to 35%. In contrast, the probiotics suppressed acute-phase response assessed by ceruloplasmin by up to 32%. This correlation implies that various antimicrobial feed additives have a distinct effect on immunomodulation, which may affect different mechanisms in the nutrition-related metabolism associated with the rate of weight gain in chickens. The data could contribute to the design of innovative antimicrobial feed additives in the food industry and consequently to well-being of humans.

Influences of stocking density and dietary probiotic supplementation on growing Japanese quail performance

“…So, it is essential to add natural like as probiotic to improve digestibility and bioavailability of nutrients (Chimote et al 2009). Many reports assured the beneficial impacts of probiotics on growth traits (Ashour et al 2015), intestinal microflora (Mountzouris et al 2010), reducing the susceptibility to diseases, enhancing immunity function (Molnar et al 2011), and improving carcass yield and quality (Bielecka et al 2010). From the present results it could be concluded that the low (100 cm 2 /bird) stocking density was sufficient to give better growth of meattype quail.…”

The Effects of β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyrate (HMB) on Chemotaxis, Phagocytosis, and Oxidative Burst of Peripheral Blood Granulocytes and Monocytes in Goats

“…The implementation of restrictions on antibiotic use in animal production has spurred the search for alternative solutions. The above has increased the popularity of feed additives, including probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics [1][2][3], as well as natural and synthetic immunostimulants [4][5][6][7][8] which elicit specific immune responses and boost immunity. Feed additives influence the immune system by enhancing the production of bone marrow stem cells, stimulating immune cells to produce and release cytokines, and by increasing phagocytic activity.…”

The Control of Intestinal Inflammation: A Major Objective in the Research of Probiotic Strains as Alternatives to Antibiotic Growth Promoters in Poultry

“…It has been observed that ceruloplasmin is not affected by Lactobacillus salivarius strain AWH or Bifidobacterium animalis strain 30 in non-challenged animals, but these probiotics reduced its concentration by up to 32% when the animals were challenged with Salmonella. In contrast, in animals fed avilamycin, both Salmonella non-infected and infected chickens showed increased levels of ceruloplasmin by up to 35% [52]. This study demonstrated that avilamycin growth promoter lowered immune response and stimulated the ceruloplasmin in the blood of chickens, but Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium increased the immune defense markers without elevating ceruloplasmin.…”

“…This study demonstrated that avilamycin growth promoter lowered immune response and stimulated the ceruloplasmin in the blood of chickens, but Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium increased the immune defense markers without elevating ceruloplasmin. This correlation shows a distinct effect on immunomodulation between probiotics and AGP, which may affect different mechanisms in the immune system and in nutrition-related metabolism [52].…”