The Effect of Vitamin D on Intestinal Inflammation and Faecal Microbiota in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis

Garg, Mayur; Hendy, Philip; Ding, Nik Sheng; Shaw, Sophie; Hold, Georgina L.; Hart, Ailsa

doi:10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjy052

Cited by 100 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…(Gammaproteobacteria) was detected in stool. Interesting observation regarding decrease in abundance of Clostridiales, especially Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Ruminococcaceae was associated with the inflamed biopsy of UC patients what correlates with previous study 62 . Reduction of Faecalibacterium is set to be primarily associated with ileal CD 70 and decrease of Firmicutes with lower level of vitD 58 .…”

supporting

confidence: 85%

Seasonal changes of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D correlate with the lower gut microbiome composition in inflammatory bowel disease patients

Šoltýs

Stuchlíková

Hlavatý

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Higher probability of the development of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) as a possible consequence of the north-south gradient has been recently suggested. Living far north or south of the equator is manifested in fluctuation of vitamin D (vitD) levels depending on the season in both healthy and affected individuals. In the present study we investigate the possible link between the seasonal serum vitD level to the microbial composition of the lower gut of Inflammatory Bowel disease (IBD) patients using 16S rRNA sequencing. Decrease of serum vitD level in winter/spring season in a cohort of 35 UC patients and 39 CD patients was confirmed. Low gut microbiota composition of patients with IBD correlated with the serum level of 25(OH)D that directly coupled to seasonal variability of the sunshine in the central European countries. It is supposed to be related to increased abundance of Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria in UC and Actinobacteria, Fusobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in CD. In summer/autumn period, we observed a reduction in abundance of bacterial genera typical for inflammation like Eggerthella lenta, Fusobacterium spp., Bacteroides spp., Collinsella aerofaciens, Helicobacter spp., Rhodococcus spp., Faecalibacterium prausnitzii; and increased abundance of Pediococcus spp. and Clostridium spp. and of Escherichia/Shigella spp. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a modern lifestyle disease with a worldwide prevalence. IBD involves mainly Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) the etiology of which differs, so the clinical determination of the disease is difficult. Chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract defined as cycling of the acute inflammation phase and remission is typical for IBD, both CD and UC. While in UC the disease is specifically localized to the colon with different degree of continuous inflammation proximally from the rectum, the CD can manifest anywhere in the gut. To date, there is no clear evidence of a single factor causing the IBD. It is affected by genetic susceptibility, microbiome composition, immune response dysregulation as well as various environmental factors 1. The vitD defficiency is common among IBD patients 2,3 and it has been speculated, that a low level of vitD might be one of the risk factors influencing the IBD 4-6. The current epidemiological studies of IBD show and upward dynamics in countries distant from the equator 7 , strongly suggesting a correlation between IBD incidence

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supporting

confidence: 85%

Seasonal changes of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D correlate with the lower gut microbiome composition in inflammatory bowel disease patients

Šoltýs

Stuchlíková

Hlavatý

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…The impact of vitamin D on DSS colitis and the faecal microbiome has been previously reported by us [ 7 ] and others [ 44 , 45 ], and recently also in a small series of IBD patients [ 46 , 47 ]. In the current study, UVR was associated with changes in the faecal microbial composition after DSS exposure that differed from the changes described in non-DSS mice.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Ultraviolet Irradiation of Skin Alters the Faecal Microbiome Independently of Vitamin D in Mice

et al. 2018

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Reduced sunlight exposure has been associated with an increased incidence of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. The effect of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on the faecal microbiome and susceptibility to colitis has not been explored. C57Bl/6 female mice were fed three different vitamin D-containing diets for 24 days before half of the mice in each group were UV-irradiated (1 kJ/m2) for each of four days, followed by twice-weekly irradiation of shaved dorsal skin for 35 days. Faecal DNA was extracted and high-throughput sequencing of the 16S RNA gene performed. UV irradiation of skin was associated with a significant change in the beta-diversity of faeces compared to nonirradiated mice, independently of vitamin D. Specifically, members of phylum Firmicutes, including Coprococcus, were enriched, whereas members of phylum Bacteroidetes, such as Bacteroidales, were depleted. Expression of colonic CYP27B1 increased by four-fold and IL1β decreased by five-fold, suggesting a UVR-induced anti-inflammatory effect. UV-irradiated mice, however, were not protected against colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), although distinct faecal microbiome differences were documented post-DSS between UV-irradiated and nonirradiated mice. Thus, skin exposure to UVR alters the faecal microbiome, and further investigations to explore the implications of this in health and disease are warranted.

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“…Megasphaera and Lactobacillus were enriched at week 4, but still comprised a relatively low abundance overall (122). A study of active and inactive UC patients found overall microbiota diversity to be unchanged following 8 weeks of vitamin D supplementation, but a significant increase in abundance of Enterobacteriaceae (phylum: Proteobacteria) in UC patients (123). Healthy control mice fed a high vitamin D diet (10,000 IU/kg) displayed reduced species diversity and were enriched with Paludibacter (phylum: Bacterioidetes) and Sutterella (phylum: Proteobacteria), the latter of which was also enriched in DSS colitis mice (124).…”

Section: Vitamin D Supplementation and Changes In Autoimmune Disease mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships Between Vitamin D, Gut Microbiome, and Systemic Autoimmunity

2020

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There is increasing recognition of the role the microbiome plays in states of health and disease. Microbiome studies in systemic autoimmune diseases demonstrate unique microbial patterns in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Rheumatoid Arthritis, and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus to a lesser extent, whereas there is no single bug or pattern that characterizes Multiple Sclerosis. Autoimmune diseases tend to share a predisposition for vitamin D deficiency, which alters the microbiome and integrity of the gut epithelial barrier. In this review, we summarize the influence of intestinal bacteria on the immune system, explore the microbial patterns that have emerged from studies on autoimmune diseases, and discuss how vitamin D deficiency may contribute to autoimmunity via its effects on the intestinal barrier function, microbiome composition, and/or direct effects on immune responses.

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The Effect of Vitamin D on Intestinal Inflammation and Faecal Microbiota in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis

Abstract: Vitamin D supplementation was associated with reduced intestinal inflammation in patients with active UC, with a concomitant increase in Enterobacteriaceae but no change in overall faecal microbial diversity.

Cited by 100 publications

References 58 publications

Seasonal changes of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D correlate with the lower gut microbiome composition in inflammatory bowel disease patients

Seasonal changes of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D correlate with the lower gut microbiome composition in inflammatory bowel disease patients

Ultraviolet Irradiation of Skin Alters the Faecal Microbiome Independently of Vitamin D in Mice

Relationships Between Vitamin D, Gut Microbiome, and Systemic Autoimmunity

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