The Effect of Water Immersion on Perception of the Oculogravic Illusion in Normal and Labyrinthine-Defective Subjects

Graybiel, Ashton; Miller, Earl F.; Newsom, B. D.; Kennedy, Robert S.

doi:10.3109/00016486809119294

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…FISCHER, 1930 b;GIROTTI and BORDOGNA, 1963;GIROTTI, 1963;MILLER and GRAYBIEL, 1966;CLARK and GRAYBIEL, 1966a;GRAYBIEL et al, 1968). These experiments show that the activity of the vestibular apparatus may be substituted by other postural factors, if necessary.…”

Section: F the Significance Of Vestibular Direction Cuesmentioning

confidence: 86%

Vestibular System, Part 2: Psychophysics, Applied Aspects and General Interpretations

Cantrell¹

1975

JAMA

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The function of the vestibular system is not as obvious as those of vision, hearing, touch or smell. Vestibular dysfunction, however, is clearly apparent where lesions are present. It is probably for this reason that the vestibular sense was not discovered until the nineteenth century and that clinicians have continued to play a major role in basic vestibular research right up to the present. The relationship between basic and clinical research is certainly stronger in the vestibular field than in that of tactile sensation, for instance, as testified by the work of clinicians as MENIERE, BREUER, BÄRÄNY, DEKLEIJN and FRENZEL. In this respect the situation is similar in vestibular physiology and in endocrinology, and for the same reason. This second part of the vestibular volume of the Handbook of Sensory Physiology will be of interest to neurologists, otologists, neurosurgeons, ophthalmologists and physiotherapists on the one hand, and psychologists, physiologists, engineers and aviation specialists on the other. For a full understanding of Part 2, it is necessary to have assimilated the basic anatomy, physiology, and biochemistry of Part 1. Each sensory system has some motor aspects. Nociceptors, for instance, have a special relation to the spinal flexion reflex and to flexion spasticity after spinal cord lesions. Tactile afférents are strongly engaged in the regulation of voluntary finger, hand, lip, and tongue movements. However, there is no other sensory system where the motor aspects are as important as in the vestibular. The cerebellum has evolved out of the vestibular system ; the cerebellar nuclei are analogous (in function and in their connections to the cerebellar cortex) to the vestibular nuclei. The study of the role of vestibular mechanisms in body posture and eye movements has made a substantial contribution to the theory of the motor system. The simpler organization of active eye movements as compared to limb movements has facilitated understanding. This book takes these facts into account. It is hoped that this volume may represent a small step toward an understanding of this part of Nature's secrets and at the same time facilitate clinical knowledge about the vestibular system.

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Section: F the Significance Of Vestibular Direction Cuesmentioning

confidence: 86%

Vestibular System, Part 2: Psychophysics, Applied Aspects and General Interpretations

Cantrell¹

1975

JAMA

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“…Sin embargo, la información procedente de los canales semicirculares y de otros sensores corporales de posición también participan en la aportación vestibular. Se han realizado estudios en inmersión para intentar anular las contribuciones somatosensorial y visual en la percepción de la vertical visual y postural y así maximizar la procedente del sáculo y del utrículo [4]. Aunque la información somatosensorial es más relevante para el mantenimiento de la postura vertical (percepción subjetiva de la verticalidad propia), también interviene en la estimación de la VVS, con la información visual y vestibular ya comentada.…”

Section: Fisiopatologíaunclassified

“…Para la mayoría de los autores no se considera necesaria la fijación vertical de la cabeza durante la medición de la VVS. La aportación somatosensorial cervical no es relevante cuando la información otolítica está disponible como se ha podido comprobar en estudios de la VVS en sujetos en inmersión [4], o en pacientes que sufren de tortícolis [8]. Por otra parte, si la información otolítica no estuviera disponible, la fijación cervical en posición vertical podría servir de referencia al paciente para la apreciación vertical del marcador.…”

Section: Proceso De Comparaciónunclassified

Percepción de la vertical visual subjetiva. Medición y utilidad diagnóstica

Pérez-González¹,

Gancedo-Fernández²

2018

Rev. ORL

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“…The otolith organs and central computational mechanisms are optimized for upright position, and an increase of trial-to-trial variability with increasing whole body roll has been observed when carrying out SVV tasks (De Vrijer et al 2008;Mittelstaedt 1983;Schoene and Udo de Haes 1968;Tarnutzer et al 2009aTarnutzer et al , 2009b. Manipulations of the environment, such as obtaining the SVV while roll-tilted under water, have shown that the influence of proprioception on the SVV is minor compared with that of otolith input in healthy human subjects (Graybiel et al 1968;Jarchow and Mast 1999;Wade 1973). For visual as well as haptic line adjustments along an Earth-vertical (gravicentric) axis or a body-longitudinal (egocentric) axis, Tarnutzer and colleagues observed roll angle-dependent modulations of alignment precision in all conditions (Tarnutzer et al 2012).…”

Section: In This Study We Investigated the Potential Impact Of Directmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does gravity influence the visual line bisection task?

Drakul

Bockisch

Tarnutzer

2016

Journal of Neurophysiology

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The visual line bisection task (LBT) is sensitive to perceptual biases of visuospatial attention, showing slight leftward (for horizontal lines) and upward (for vertical lines) errors in healthy subjects. It may be solved in an egocentric or allocentric reference frame, and there is no obvious need for graviceptive input. However, for other visual line adjustments, such as the subjective visual vertical, otolith input is integrated. We hypothesized that graviceptive input is incorporated when performing the LBT and predicted reduced accuracy and precision when roll-tilted. Twenty healthy right-handed subjects repetitively bisected Earth-horizontal and body-horizontal lines in darkness. Recordings were obtained before, during, and after roll-tilt (±45°, ±90°) for 5 min each. Additionally, bisections of Earth-vertical and oblique lines were obtained in 17 subjects. When roll-tilted ±90° ear-down, bisections of Earth-horizontal (i.e., body-vertical) lines were shifted toward the direction of the head ( P < 0.001). However, after correction for vertical line-bisection errors when upright, shifts disappeared. Bisecting body-horizontal lines while roll-tilted did not cause any shifts. The precision of Earth-horizontal line bisections decreased ( P ≤ 0.006) when roll-tilted, while no such changes were observed for body-horizontal lines. Regardless of the trial condition and paradigm, the scanning direction of the bisecting cursor (leftward vs. rightward) significantly ( P ≤ 0.021) affected line bisections. Our findings reject our hypothesis and suggest that gravity does not modulate the LBT. Roll-tilt-dependent shifts are instead explained by the headward bias when bisecting lines oriented along a body-vertical axis. Increased variability when roll-tilted likely reflects larger variability when bisecting body-vertical than body-horizontal lines.

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The Effect of Water Immersion on Perception of the Oculogravic Illusion in Normal and Labyrinthine-Defective Subjects

Cited by 26 publications

References 7 publications

Vestibular System, Part 2: Psychophysics, Applied Aspects and General Interpretations

Vestibular System, Part 2: Psychophysics, Applied Aspects and General Interpretations

Percepción de la vertical visual subjetiva. Medición y utilidad diagnóstica

Does gravity influence the visual line bisection task?

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