The Effectiveness of a Sternomastoid Muscle Flap in Preventing Post-Parotidectomy Occurrence of the Frey Syndrome

Kornblut, Alan D.; Westphal, Peter; Miehlke, A.

doi:10.3109/00016487409124638

Cited by 90 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Accordingly, when assessed as an independent factor, the ORs and z scores reflect favor benefit but suggest that benefit may not be statistically significant ( Figure 1 and Figure 2). Kornblut et al 8 found the SCM flap to be of no benefit to prevent Frey syndrome, although they favored it for the prevention of the cosmetic deformity. Guntinas-Lichius et al 9 reviewed their experience with 610 patients who had undergone parotidectomy, 391 of whom had an SCM flap, and found no statistical decrease in the rate of Frey syndrome compared with those without a flap.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meta-analysis of Surgical Techniques for Preventing Parotidectomy Sequelae

Curry¹,

King²,

Reiter³

et al. 2009

Arch Facial Plast Surg

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Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meta-analysis of Surgical Techniques for Preventing Parotidectomy Sequelae

Curry¹,

King²,

Reiter³

et al. 2009

Arch Facial Plast Surg

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“…Sweating always follows the temporal profile of the salivary reflex and, in the affected skin, physiological sweating cannot be induced by thermal stimuli [4]. The interposition of muscle, fat or fascia lata between the skin and deep layers might represent a valid barrier and reduce these symptoms [7,18,19]. Various reports have led to the conclusion that gustatory sweating is due to abnormal regeneration of the parasympathetic nerves, originally directed to the parotid gland, to reach the denervated sweat glands of the affected skin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of gustatory flushing in Frey's syndrome and its treatment with botulinum toxin type A

Tugnoli

Marchese‐Ragona²,

Eleopra

et al. 2002

Clinical Autonomic Research

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After parotid surgery, gustatory sweating and flushing occur more frequently, the former reportedly in 15-100% of cases, while no reliable data are available for the latter. Although botulinum toxin (BoNT) is effective in controlling sweating, little is known about its effect on flushing. In 17 patients suffering from Frey's syndrome after parotid surgery, we studied the gustatory flushing phenomenon as compared to gustatory sweating, analyzing their frequency, area, type of stimulus and response to BoNT administration. Cutaneous blood flow (CBF) was monitored by laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) on affected and unaffected areas of the cheek in basal conditions and after meals, before and then 1 month after starting the BoNT injections. The Minor test was used to identify the sweating area. Flushing was observed in 7 of 17 patients after masticatory activity, spicy meals or citrus fruits. No clinical data correlated with any presence of flushing. Flushing regressed completely after BoNT administration and CBF reached similar values in the affected and unaffected sites. No adverse effects were observed. BoNT administration proved an effective and safe treatment for gustatory sweating and flushing in patients with Frey's syndrome.

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“…High levels of blood supply to the SCM muscle facilitate the preparation of the SCM muscle flap with both superior and inferior pedicles (32). In parotidectomy, SCM muscle flap was first used by Kornblut et al (31). In their study, 35 patients who had parotidectomy with the SCM muscle flap were compared with the same number of patients who had parotidectomy without any flaps.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different medical and surgical methods have been suggested in the literature for the prevention and treatment of FS; (14,(26)(27)(28)(29) have reported that protective methods are useful in the prevention of FS development, some (7,24,30,31) authors have stated that these methods are useless. The main reasons for dissimilar results in studies may be attributed to the non-homogeneity of the groups, insufficient patient numbers and follow-up periods, and differences in techniques and parameters involving FS evaluations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Superficial Musculoaponeurotic System Flap on the Development of Frey’s Syndrome and Cosmetic Outcomes After Superficial Parotidectomy

Bayır

Çelik

Saylam

et al. 2017

Turk Arch Otorhinolaryngol

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Objective: To investigate the outcomes of superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) flap and classic techniques in superficial parotidectomy in terms of Frey's syndrome (FS) and cosmetic satisfaction. Methods:In this study, a retrospective chart review of patients that underwent superficial parotidectomy was performed. These patients were divided into two subgroups: group 1 included patients in which the SMAS flap was harvested and group 2 comprised the remaining patients on whom classic superficial parotidectomy was performed. All the patients were evaluated clinically and with Minor's starch-iodine test for FS. For the evaluation of the cosmetic results, the patient's satisfaction was queried according to the incision scar and surgical field skin retraction/facial symmetry. Both groups were compared in terms of complications and numbness of surgical area.Results: Fifty-five patients (31 male and 24 female) with a mean age of 50.19 years were included in the study. Thirty-two patients were in group 1 and 23 in group 2. Thirteen patients (23.7%) described as having FS and six of them were in group 1, while seven were in group 2. Minor's starch-iodine test was positive in nine patients in group 1 (28.1%) and six patients in group 2 (26.1%) (p=1.000). With regard to cosmetic satisfaction, eight patients (25%) stated mild discomfort from the incision scar and two patients (6.3%) stated cosmetic dissatisfaction for facial asymmetry in group 1. In group 2 for the same factors the number of patients were 11 (47.8%) and 2 two (8.7%), respectively (p=0.027). There were no statistically significant differences in means of complication and numbness (p>0.05). Conclusion:According to our study results, there was no superiority between both the groups in terms of FS and incision scar satisfaction. We determined that there was a significant benefit of SMAS flap application in the prevention of volume loss and surgical area retraction.

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The Effectiveness of a Sternomastoid Muscle Flap in Preventing Post-Parotidectomy Occurrence of the Frey Syndrome

Cited by 90 publications

References 5 publications

Meta-analysis of Surgical Techniques for Preventing Parotidectomy Sequelae

Meta-analysis of Surgical Techniques for Preventing Parotidectomy Sequelae

The role of gustatory flushing in Frey's syndrome and its treatment with botulinum toxin type A

The Effects of Superficial Musculoaponeurotic System Flap on the Development of Frey’s Syndrome and Cosmetic Outcomes After Superficial Parotidectomy

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