The effectiveness of auditory forward collision warning alerts

Wu, Xiaodong; Boyle, Linda Ng; Marshall, Dawn; O’Brien, West M.

doi:10.1016/j.trf.2018.08.015

Cited by 28 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…There are three major categories of collision-avoidance systems: forward, rear-end, and lateral, with the majority of existing research focusing on forward and rear-end collision warnings (Baldwin & May, 2011; Brown et al, 2001; Kusano & Gabler, 2012; Muhrer et al, 2012; Wu et al, 2018). The present study focused on lateral collision avoidance, which is especially important to mitigate collisions with pedestrians, motorcycles, bicycles, and other vehicles invading the side of a vehicle (Song et al, 2004; Straughn et al, 2009; Wang et al, 2007).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Lateral Auditory Collision Warnings: Should Warnings Be Toward Danger or Toward Safety?

et al. 2020

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Objective The present study investigated the design of spatially oriented auditory collision-warning signals to facilitate drivers’ responses to potential collisions. Background Prior studies on collision warnings have mostly focused on manual driving. It is necessary to examine the design of collision warnings for safe takeover actions in semi-autonomous driving. Method In a video-based semi-autonomous driving scenario, participants responded to pedestrians walking across the road, with a warning tone presented in either the avoidance direction or the collision direction. The time interval between the warning tone and the potential collision was also manipulated. In Experiment 1, pedestrians always started walking from one side of the road to the other side. In Experiment 2, pedestrians appeared in the middle of the road and walked toward either side of the road. Results In Experiment 1, drivers reacted to the pedestrian faster with collision-direction warnings than with avoidance-direction warnings. In Experiment 2, the difference between the two warning directions became nonsignificant. In both experiments, shorter time intervals to potential collisions resulted in faster reactions but did not influence the effect of warning direction. Conclusion The collision-direction warnings were advantageous over the avoidance-direction warnings only when they occurred at the same lateral location as the pedestrian, indicating that this advantage was due to the capture of attention by the auditory warning signals. Application The present results indicate that drivers would benefit most when warnings occur at the side of potential collision objects rather than the direction of a desirable action during semi-autonomous driving.

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confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Lateral Auditory Collision Warnings: Should Warnings Be Toward Danger or Toward Safety?

et al. 2020

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“…was presented 3 times to have it of similar time length to the other speech messages. The fourth alert was a tone-based warning alert that was previously shown to be effective for FCWs (Wu et al, 2018).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Auditory Messages for Intersection Movement Assist (IMA) Systems: Effects of Speech- and Nonspeech-Based Cues

Boyle

2020

Hum Factors

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Objective The objective of this study was to assess the effects of different warning messages for an Intersection Movement Assist (IMA) based on drivers’ ability to avoid a potential safety hazard. Background An IMA system can detect hazards and warn drivers when it is unsafe to enter an intersection. The effects of different warning information conveyed by these systems are still unknown. Method A driving simulator study with 80 participants was conducted with a red light running (RLR) scenario using a 5 (warnings) x 2 (training) between-subject design. IMA warnings included the messages “Danger,” “Brake now,” “Vehicle on your left,” a beep, and no IMA warning. Training was provided to half of the participants. Analysis of variance and logistic regression models were used to examine differences in drivers’ avoidance behavior. Results The analyses showed that all tested warning messages can significantly enhance drivers’ avoidance performance. Significant differences were observed in crash occurrence, avoidance behavior (i.e., reaction time and speed change), and eye movements (i.e., fixation pattern and time to first fixation). The effects of training also differed given the warning message provided. Conclusion The “Brake now” message performed best in reducing crash involvement and prompted better avoidance performance. The “Danger” and “Vehicle on your left” messages improved drivers’ hazard detection ability. The training showed a potential to enhance the effectiveness of nonspeech warning messages. Application The findings of this study can help designers and engineers better design IMA warning messages for RLR scenarios.

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“…Chen and Kao (2004) proposed an adaptive recurrent cerebellar model articulation controller to avoid collision of the carfollowing system. Various different approaches for collision warning systems have been introduced (Ba et al, 2017;Chen et al, 2018;Hubele and Kennedy, 2018;Iranmanesh et al, 2016;Wu et al, 2018), including collision warning and avoidance systems (Cicchino, 2017;Li et al, 2016;Wu et al, 2018), autonomous intelligent cruise control system (Czubenko et al, 2015;Milanés and Shladover, 2014), systems based on expert knowledge (Kim and Bien, 2001), and systems based on artificial intelligence (Goodall, 2014;Hengstler et al, 2016). An intelligent wavelet neural network method was used to control the car-following system (Hsu et al, 2004).…”

Section: Vehicle-to-vehicle Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of vehicle active safety control methods: From antilock brakes to semiautonomy

Ahangarnejad

Radmehr

Ahmadian

2020

Journal of Vibration and Control

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A comprehensive review of technologies and approaches for active safety systems designed to reduce ground vehicle crashes, as well as the associated severity of injuries and fatalities, is provided. Active safety systems are commonly referred to as systems that can forewarn a driver of a potential safety hazard, or automatically intervene to reduce the likelihood of an accident without requiring driver intervention. The data from naturalistic drivers has shown that such systems are instrumental in improving vehicle safety in various conditions, particularly at higher speeds and under adverse road conditions. The increased integration of sensors, electronics, and real-time processing capabilities has served as one of the critical enabling elements in the widespread integration of active safety systems in modern vehicles. The emphasis is placed on control approaches for active safety systems and their progression over the years from antilock brakes to more advanced technologies that have nearly enabled semiautonomous driving. A review of key active safety control approaches for antilock braking, yaw stability, traction control, roll stability, and various collision avoidance systems is provided.

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The effectiveness of auditory forward collision warning alerts

Cited by 28 publications

References 32 publications

Effectiveness of Lateral Auditory Collision Warnings: Should Warnings Be Toward Danger or Toward Safety?

Effectiveness of Lateral Auditory Collision Warnings: Should Warnings Be Toward Danger or Toward Safety?

Auditory Messages for Intersection Movement Assist (IMA) Systems: Effects of Speech- and Nonspeech-Based Cues

A review of vehicle active safety control methods: From antilock brakes to semiautonomy

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