The Effectiveness of Immobilized Lipase Thermomyces lanuginosa in Catalyzing Interesterification of Palm Olein in Batch Reaction

Saw, Mei Huey; Siew, Wai Lin

doi:10.5650/jos.ess13176

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…To estimate the required amount of enzyme to be used in each experiment, information was obtained from the literature [36]. Generally, biological catalysts are sensitive to the medium conditions (e.g., amount and type of alcohol, and temperature), which can lead to catalyst inactivation and thus to lower reaction yields [18,23].…”

Section: Procedures For the Esterification Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally, biological catalysts are sensitive to the medium conditions (e.g., amount and type of alcohol, and temperature), which can lead to catalyst inactivation and thus to lower reaction yields [18,23]. Moreover, the quantity of enzyme used should be enough to ensure no variations of its distribution in the reaction media, as for example due to mixing problems [36]. Thus, for Lypozime TL IM, a lipase used in the transesterification of palm olein in a batch reactor with an activity of 450 IUN/g (IUN Interesterification Unit), it was used a mass ratio of 0.045 between the mass of enzyme and the mass of palm olein [36].…”

Section: Procedures For the Esterification Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the quantity of enzyme used should be enough to ensure no variations of its distribution in the reaction media, as for example due to mixing problems [36]. Thus, for Lypozime TL IM, a lipase used in the transesterification of palm olein in a batch reactor with an activity of 450 IUN/g (IUN Interesterification Unit), it was used a mass ratio of 0.045 between the mass of enzyme and the mass of palm olein [36]. Considering that IUN=PLU=LU, the values of the ratio enzyme/fat mass were calculated assuming that the required amount is inversely proportional to the enzyme amount and using the ratio enzyme/fat mass found in the literature [36].…”

Section: Procedures For the Esterification Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Valorization of Agro-Industrial Residues: Bioprocessing of Animal Fats to Reduce Their Acidity

et al. 2021

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Adding value to agro-industrial residues is becoming increasingly important, satisfying needs to promote resources’ use efficiency and a more sustainable and circular economy. This work performs a parametric and kinetic study of enzymatic esterification of lard and tallow with high acidity, obtained by the rendering of slaughter by-products, allowing their use as a feed ingredient and increasing their market value. After an initial analysis of potential enzyme candidates, a Candida antarctica lipase B was selected as a biocatalyst for converting free fatty acids (FFA) to esters, using excess ethanol as the reagent. Results show that the fat acidity can be reduced by at least 67% in up to 3 h of reaction time at 45 °C, using the mass ratios of 3.25 ethanol/FFA and 0.0060 enzyme/fat. Kinetic modelling shows an irreversible second-order rate law, function of FFA, and ethanol concentration better fitting the experimental results. Activation energy is 54.7 kJ/mol and pre-exponential factor is 4.6 × 106 L mol−1 min−1.

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Section: Procedures For the Esterification Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Procedures For the Esterification Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Procedures For the Esterification Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Valorization of Agro-Industrial Residues: Bioprocessing of Animal Fats to Reduce Their Acidity

et al. 2021

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“…Lipozyme TL IM has a lower price than other commercial lipases ( 22 ). Furthermore, its use in batch reaction effectively changes the TAG composition of palm olein, yet shows high acyl migration ( 45 ). Cao et al ( 46 ) also confirmed that this lipase, as compared to that from Rhizopus oryzae , has a tendency to cause acyl migration.…”

Section: Enzymes For Mlm Structured Lipid Synthesis: Types Ans Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipase-Catalyzed Interesterification for the Synthesis of Medium-Long-Medium (MLM) Structured Lipids

Utama

Sitanggang

Adawiyah

et al. 2019

Food technol. biotechnol. (Online)

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SUMMARYMedium-long-medium (MLM) structured lipids typically contain medium-chain fatty acids (C6-C12) at sn-1,3 and long-chain fatty acids (C14-C24) at sn-2 positions. They have reduced calories and are suitable for the control of obesity, lipid malabsorption and other metabolic disorders. This review focuses on the synthesis of MLM lipids by the enzymatic interesterification. It gives detailed description of biocatalysts, substrates, reactors and synthesis methods, and discusses the use of MLM lipids in food products. The information provided in this review can be considered as the current state-of-the art for developing a future strategy for the synthesis of MLM structured lipids.

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“…Water, approximately 5% (w/w) in immobilised enzyme, has to be removed to prevent hydrolysis of the oil substrate as well as to prevent FFA and partial glycerides such as MAG and DAG from forming (Saw and Siew, 2014). Lipozyme TLIM lipase was conditioned by reacting the lipase (10% w/w) with PO at 70°C for 30 min before draining the PO from the reaction system.…”

Section: Model Fittingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimisation of Enzymatic Directed Interesterification of Palm Oil for High Yield of Triunsaturated Triacylglycerol Using Response Surface Methodology

Dian¹

2018

JOPR

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Unsaturated fatty acids (USAFA), especially monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), has been shown to provide substantial health benefits. This study attempted to increase the triunsaturated (U 3 ) triacylglycerols (TAG) content in palm oil (PO) via lipase-catalysed directed interesterification (EDIE),to enable the production of a liquid fraction that is high in USAFA, especially MUFA. A response surface methodology with three factors and five levels in a central composite design was employed for optimisation of the EDIE conditions for the U 3 TAG production. The effects of reaction temperature (20°C-50°C), reaction time (12-28 hr) and enzyme load (2%-18%) on the U 3 TAG and by-products yields were investigated. Well-fitted quadratic and linear models were successfully established for both responses. All processing conditions affected significantly (p<0.05) U 3 TAG yield. By-products yield was affected by reaction time and temperature. Although increasing reaction temperature and enzyme load, and extending the reaction time resulted in a higher U 3 TAG yield, a higher amount of by-products were formed as well. The optimised processing conditions were a reaction temperature of 30°C and reaction time of 18 hr, when immobilised lipase enzyme load was set at 10% (w/w), and resulted in yields of about 27% of U 3 TAG and 23% of by-products.

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The Effectiveness of Immobilized Lipase Thermomyces lanuginosa in Catalyzing Interesterification of Palm Olein in Batch Reaction

Cited by 8 publications

References 16 publications

Valorization of Agro-Industrial Residues: Bioprocessing of Animal Fats to Reduce Their Acidity

Valorization of Agro-Industrial Residues: Bioprocessing of Animal Fats to Reduce Their Acidity

Lipase-Catalyzed Interesterification for the Synthesis of Medium-Long-Medium (MLM) Structured Lipids

Optimisation of Enzymatic Directed Interesterification of Palm Oil for High Yield of Triunsaturated Triacylglycerol Using Response Surface Methodology

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