“…In addition, learning through mobile applications that are equipped with various multimedia elements such as video, animation, text, audio, and graphics contained in mobile applications makes the teaching and learning process more interesting, fun, and effective (Dony et al, 2018;Ainul et al, 2021). Past studies have also proven that the use of mobile applications in teaching and learning can have a positive impact, among which is injecting motivation to focus more on the information to be delivered (Ghani et al, 2022), being able to help change the behavior of students in a positive direction while supporting the improvement of their learning achievement level, making it easier for students to obtain relevant information anywhere and anytime (Puasa, 2022), and making learning easier and more enjoyable (Daud, 2021).…”