The effectiveness of Rutin for prevention of surgical induced endometriosis development in a rat model

Abstract

Apoptosis and antioxidant mechanisms are pathways for the treatment of endometriosis (Endo). Rutin (Rtn) is an antioxidant flavonol that induces apoptosis. This study, for first time, was conducted to evaluate the effects of rutin on Endo through apoptosis and antioxidant mechanisms. The experimental Endo was induced in 24 rats and then the animals were subdivided into Endo-sole, 3000 and 6000 µg/kg rutin (Rtn-3000 and Rtn-6000) and vitamin C groups. After 4 weeks, the expression of Bcl2, Bax, anti Pro Caspase-9, cleaved Caspase-9, pro PARP, pro Cleaved PARP, Pro PARP, pro mTOR and mTOR were assessed by western blotting technique. The protein concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity, and super oxide dismutase and gutathione peroxidase were also evaluated. TUNEL staining was also used for the detection of apoptosis. Caspase-9 and concentration of antioxidants were higher in the treated groups compared to Endo-sole group (P < 0.05). The results also showed that rutin decreased the expression of Bcl2 and MDA concentration (P < 0.05). The results for TUNEL staining showed that the animals treated with Rtn-6000 and vitamin C showed higher apoptosis. Rutin induces apoptosis by the expression of Bcl-2, Bax and caspase and also antioxidant activity by increasing antioxidants concentrations.

Effectiveness of Gamma Oryzanol on prevention of surgical induced endometriosis development in rat model

“…Anti-estrogen agents 23 , 24 and dopamine agonists 25 are broadly used for the treatment of the endometriosis. Antioxidant agents are known to have beneficial effects for the treatment of endometriosis 4 , 16 , 21 . In the present study, we induced endometriosis in the rats and treated them with GO and Vit C as standard group.…”

“…Natural products and plants are employed as important sources for producing new drugs 15 , 16 . Gamma-oryzanol (GO) is extensively found in the bran and germ of rice 17 and has several biological properties, such as anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and wound healing activities 18 – 20 .…”

“…Gamma-oryzanol (GO) is extensively found in the bran and germ of rice 17 and has several biological properties, such as anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and wound healing activities 18 – 20 . The pathophysiology and the etiology of the endometriosis are still unknown, yet several studies have implied that antioxidants might be beneficial for these patients 16 , 21 , 22 , but the mechanism of action antioxidant in this disease is still unknown. GO might exhibit its effects via molecular mechanisms and/or via the induction of apoptosis.…”

6-(7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-ylthio) hexanol ameliorates the progression of endometriosis by regulating GSTM4 expression to inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis

“…Although endometriosis is a benign disease, it has the characteristics of migratory and invasive properties similar to malignant cancer [29]. Various phytochemicals like rutin, naringenin, methyl ester of 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9-dien-28-oic acid (CDDO-Me) have been reported for their e cacy against endometriosis [18,30,31]. NBDHEX appears to be a promising candidate for targeting and inhibiting GSTs [32].…”

Rutin (Bioflavonoid) as Cell Signaling Pathway Modulator: Prospects in Treatment and Chemoprevention

“…In addition, rutin prevents AkT phosphorylation by disturbing the PI3K-ATP binding domain and mTORC2 complex. Rutin mediated apoptotic induction via modulating Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase expression levels and also induced antioxidant activity by increasing antioxidants levels [88]. Rutin also deregulated the expression of numerous molecules, including GSK-3 (Glycogen synthase kinase-3).…”