The effects of 5‐hydroxydopamine on salivary flow rates and protein secretion by the submandibular and parotid glands of rats

Abe, Kimio; Itoh, T; Tashiro, Mitsuo; Okina, Atsuhito; Gao, Chenshu; Nakamura, Hideki; Nose, Tatsuro; Inoue, Hiroko; Sf, Yu

doi:10.1113/expphysiol.1996.sp003965

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Amylase cleaves the sugar starch into smaller sugar molecules, releasing a blue dye that can then easily be measured. The amount of blue dye released is proportional to the amount of enzyme activity present within the sample (Abe et al, 1996).…”

Section: Enzyme Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

From Saliva to Faeces and Everything in Between: A Guide to Biochemical Analysis Using Animal Samples for Biomarker Detection

Clegg¹,

Millson²

2021

CCBR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Clegg and Millsonenormous breadth of the review, we have provided general examples and citations for more specific examples covering the major sample types, commonly used biomarkers, and biochemical assays. The goal of the review is to provide a first resource for researchers interested in studying biomarkers to complement behavioural analysis. This article should not be considered a complete guide. We urge readers who are planning to use any of the techniques described here to read more detailed information in the many publications we have cited, because many of our general rules of thumb may not apply to specific implementations. Choosing the Ideal SampleSelecting the ideal physical sample is incredibly important. Although most assays are available to run either on site or in a laboratory, this may not be the case for all samples. The selection of sample type is dependent on the biomarker(s) to be measured, the types of assays available to measure these biomarkers (see the Types of Biochemical Test section for further information), and the ability/ availability to collect the sample type. Availability will depend on many factors, not least the ability to collect invasive samples, such as blood, and the research project questions/aims (Mormède et al., 2007). It is important to mention that the correct ethical and legal licences must be in place before samples are obtained from animals. In addition, licences may also be needed for working with certain species, such as Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) species, or for transportation of samples across borders or into countries because of biosecurity concerns (Animal Science Procedure Act [ASPA], 1986). As an example, a schematic diagram for selecting the ideal sample for studying stress responses is shown in Figure 1.

show abstract

Section: Enzyme Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

From Saliva to Faeces and Everything in Between: A Guide to Biochemical Analysis Using Animal Samples for Biomarker Detection

Clegg¹,

Millson²

2021

CCBR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Dopamine, vesicular transporters, and dopamine receptor expression in rat major salivary glands

Tomassoni

Traini

Mancini

et al. 2015

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The localization of dopamine stores and the expression and localization of dopamine (DAT) and vesicular monoamine transporters (VMAT) type-1 and -2 and of dopamine D1-like and D2-like receptor subtypes were investigated in rat submandibular, sublingual, and parotid salivary glands by HPLC with electrochemical detection, as well as immunochemical and immunohistochemical techniques. Male Wistar rats of 2 mo of age were used. The highest dopamine levels were measured in the parotid gland, followed by the submandibular and sublingual glands. Western blot analysis revealed DAT, VMAT-1, VMAT-2, and dopamine receptors immunoreactivity in membrane preparations obtained from the three glands investigated. Immunostaining for dopamine and transporters was developed within striated ducts. Salivary glands processed for dopamine receptors immunohistochemistry developed an immunoreaction primarily in striated and excretory ducts. In the submandibular gland, acinar cells displayed strong immunoreactivity for the D2 receptor, while cells of the convoluted granular tubules were negative for both D1-like and D2-like receptors. Parotid glands acinar cells displayed the highest immunoreactivity for both D1 and D2 receptors compared with other salivary glands. The above localization of dopamine and dopaminergic markers investigated did not correspond closely with neuron-specific enolase (NSE) localization. This indicates that at least in part, catecholamine stores and dopaminergic markers are independent from glandular innervation. These findings suggest that rat major salivary glands express a dopaminergic system probably involved in salivary secretion. The stronger immunoreactivity for dopamine transporters and receptors in striated duct cells suggests that the dopaminergic system could regulate not only quality, but also volume and ionic concentration of saliva.

show abstract

Effect of Screen Time on Biogenic Amines, Gross Behavior and Histological Conditions of Rat’s Brain

Munawwar,

Anser,

Fatima

et al. 2024

FBT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Neurotransmitters and hormones work together in a complex way in the body to control mental and physical processes. Objective: To focus on dopamine, a crucial neurotransmitter produced by mesencephalic neurons in both the brain and peripheral organs. Methods: The study was conducted on albino rats weighing 180-200 gm. The rats were introduced into the new apparatus designed with the measurements of 40 x 40 cm in length, 25 x 25 cm in breadth, and 30 cm in height on all four sides. All sides were painted black except one mounted with (Light Emitted Diode) LED display. Rats were shown the screen for 1 hour daily for 30 minutes with high pixel resolutions and bright colors. The tested group was then compared with the control group on the 30th day on the parameters of gross behavior, biogenic amines of brains, and brain histopathology. Results: The results showed anxiety and hyperactive behavior in gross studies. Biogenic amines showed an increase in 2-amino 5-methyl benzoic acid that is the dopamine precursor. The study indicated that low levels of pyrrolidine, which decreased (Gamma Aminobutyric Acid) GABA in the brain, ultimately caused sleep disorders. Histopathological studies also showed the degeneration of neuronal cells in tested brains compared to control. Conclusions: The changes found in rats might be useful in determining the drawbacks of using mobiles, tabs, and other screen time

show abstract

The effects of 5‐hydroxydopamine on salivary flow rates and protein secretion by the submandibular and parotid glands of rats

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

From Saliva to Faeces and Everything in Between: A Guide to Biochemical Analysis Using Animal Samples for Biomarker Detection

From Saliva to Faeces and Everything in Between: A Guide to Biochemical Analysis Using Animal Samples for Biomarker Detection

Dopamine, vesicular transporters, and dopamine receptor expression in rat major salivary glands

Effect of Screen Time on Biogenic Amines, Gross Behavior and Histological Conditions of Rat’s Brain

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About