The effects of a caffeine-like supplement, TeaCrine®, on muscular strength, endurance and power performance in resistance-trained men

Cesareo, Kyle; Mason, Justin; Saracino, Patrick G.; Morrissey, Margaret C.; Ormsbee, Michael J.

doi:10.1186/s12970-019-0316-5

Cited by 22 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…However, our data do not support this hypothesis as we found no significant acute or chronic effects of DYM alone or in combination with TCR on systolic or diastolic blood pressure. Rather, our findings appear to corroborate those of four other studies examining TCR in humans [14,15,17,19], and one in rats [34], which reported no observable negative effects on blood pressure [14,17], even when TCR was combined with caffeine [15,19].…”

Section: Cardiovascular Functionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Due to purported synthesis from caffeine in some plants and structural similarities to caffeine [5,11], both theacrine and methylliberine are theorized to produce similar physiological effects with less side effects, potentially due to their different affinities with adenosine receptors [11,12]. Although theacrine was first discovered in 1937 [13], little research (to our knowledge, only seven studies) was conducted on theacrine's effects on human health and performance until recently [14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Previous cell and animal model investigations on theacrine reported improved antioxidant capacity [20] and anti-inflammatory responses [21], as well as analgesic [21], antidepressive [22], and sedative/hypnotic [23] mood states.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Safety of Short-Term Supplementation with Methylliberine (Dynamine®) Alone and in Combination with TeaCrine® in Young Adults

et al. 2020

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Methylliberine (Dynamine®; DYM) and theacrine (Teacrine®; TCR) are purine alkaloids purported to have similar neuro-energetic effects as caffeine. There are no published human safety data on DYM, and research on TCR is limited. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of four weeks of DYM supplementation with and without TCR on cardiovascular function and blood biomarkers. One-hundred twenty-five men and women (mean age 23.0 yrs, height 169.7 cm, body mass 72.1 kg; n = 25/group) were randomly assigned to one of five groups: low-dose DYM (100 mg), high-dose DYM (150 mg), low-dose DYM with TCR (100 mg + 50 mg), high-dose DYM with TCR (150 mg + 25 mg), and placebo. Regardless of group and sex, significant main effects for time were noted for heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and QTc (p < 0.001), high-density lipoproteins (p = 0.002), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (p = 0.018), basophils (p = 0.006), absolute eosinophils (p = 0.010), creatinine (p = 0.004), estimated glomerular filtration rate (p = 0.037), chloride (p = 0.030), carbon dioxide (p = 0.023), bilirubin (p = 0.027), and alanine aminotransferase (p = 0.043), among others. While small changes were found in some cardiovascular and blood biomarkers, no clinically significant changes occurred. This suggests that DYM alone or in combination with TCR consumed at the dosages used in this study does not appear to negatively affect markers of health over four weeks of continuous use.

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Section: Cardiovascular Functionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety of Short-Term Supplementation with Methylliberine (Dynamine®) Alone and in Combination with TeaCrine® in Young Adults

et al. 2020

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“…From a methodological point of view the number of participants in the present study was relatively small but in the range of similar studies employing a randomized cross-over design (Cesareo et al 2019;Gillen et al 2019;Fryer et al 2019). Therefore, more subjects would have given more statistical power for the data interpretation, however the small sample size allowed us to monitor and control each training session and off-training activity.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Intra-individual physiological response of recreational runners to different training mesocycles: a randomized cross-over study

et al. 2020

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Purpose Pronounced differences in individual physiological adaptation may occur following various training mesocycles in runners. Here we aimed to assess the individual changes in performance and physiological adaptation of recreational runners performing mesocycles with different intensity, duration and frequency. Methods Employing a randomized cross-over design, the intra-individual physiological responses [i.e., peak ($${\dot{\text V}}{\text O}_{2 {\rm peak}}$$ V ˙ O 2 peak ) and submaximal ($${\dot{\text V}}{\text O}_{2 {\rm submax}}$$ V ˙ O 2 submax ) oxygen uptake, velocity at lactate thresholds (V2, V4)] and performance (time-to-exhaustion (TTE)) of 13 recreational runners who performed three 3-week sessions of high-intensity interval training (HIIT), high-volume low-intensity training (HVLIT) or more but shorter sessions of HVLIT (high-frequency training; HFT) were assessed. Results $${\dot{\text V}}{\text O}_{2 {\rm submax}}$$ V ˙ O 2 submax , V2, V4 and TTE were not altered by HIIT, HVLIT or HFT (p > 0.05). $${\dot{\text V}}{\text O}_{2 {\rm peak}}$$ V ˙ O 2 peak improved to the same extent following HVLIT (p = 0.045) and HFT (p = 0.02). The number of moderately negative responders was higher following HIIT (15.4%); and HFT (15.4%) than HVLIT (7.6%). The number of very positive responders was higher following HVLIT (38.5%) than HFT (23%) or HIIT (7.7%). 46% of the runners responded positively to two mesocycles, while 23% did not respond to any. Conclusion On a group level, none of the interventions altered $${\dot{\text V}}{\text O}_{2 {\rm submax}}$$ V ˙ O 2 submax , V2, V4 or TTE, while HVLIT and HFT improved $${\dot{\text V}}{\text O}_{2 {\rm peak}}$$ V ˙ O 2 peak . The mean adaptation index indicated similar numbers of positive, negative and non-responders to HIIT, HVLIT and HFT, but more very positive responders to HVLIT than HFT or HIIT. 46% responded positively to two mesocycles, while 23% did not respond to any. These findings indicate that the magnitude of responses to HIIT, HVLIT and HFT is highly individual and no pattern was apparent.

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“…Theacrine is a purine alkaloid that structurally similar to caffeine, and various studies have examined its e cacy as a neuroactive ingredient (10)(11)(12). Aside from potential neurotrophic effects, there are limited data in rodents suggesting theacrine-based supplements can reduce in ammation (13,14), modulate mitochondrial function (15), and activate sirtuins (15).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of a Theacrine-based Supplement on mRNAs Related to Various Metabolic Processes and Sirtuin Activity in vitro

Mumford

Osburn

Roberts

2020

Preprint

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There is evidence in rodents to suggest theacrine-based supplements modulate tissue sirtuin activity as well as other biological processes associated with aging. Herein, we examined if a theacrine-based supplement (NAD3) altered sirtuin activity in vitro while also affecting markers of mitochondrial biogenesis and the mRNA expression of genes related to various cellular processes in muscle. The murine C2C12 myoblast cell line was used for experimentation. Following 7 days of differentiation, myotubes were treated with 0.45 mg/mL of NAD3 (containing ~ 2 mM theacrine) for 3 and 24 hours (n=6 treatment wells per time point). Control treatments consisted of cellulose-only treatments at the same time points. Relative to CTL-treated cells, NAD3 treatments increased (p<0.05) Sirt1 mRNA levels at 3 hours, as well as global sirtuin activity at 3 and 24 hours. While NAD3 treatments decreased mRNA levels of Nfe2l2 at 3 hours and increased levels at 24 hours relative to CTL-treated cells (a gene involved in mitochondrial biogenesis, p<0.05), citrate synthase activity levels (a surrogate of mitochondrial density) remained unaltered between treatments. NAD3 treatments for 3 and 24 hours decreased Nlrp3 mRNA levels relative to CTL-treated cells (an inflammatory marker, p<0.05). Additionally, NAD3 treatments decreased Map1lc3b mRNA levels (an autophagy marker) after 24-hour treatments (p<0.05). Although these data are limited to select biomarkers in vitro, these preliminary findings suggest a theacrine-based supplement can modulate various skeletal muscle biomarkers related to sirtuin activity, inflammation, and autophagy. Muscle biopsy studies in humans are needed to confirm these current findings.

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The effects of a caffeine-like supplement, TeaCrine®, on muscular strength, endurance and power performance in resistance-trained men

Cited by 22 publications

References 43 publications

Safety of Short-Term Supplementation with Methylliberine (Dynamine®) Alone and in Combination with TeaCrine® in Young Adults

Safety of Short-Term Supplementation with Methylliberine (Dynamine®) Alone and in Combination with TeaCrine® in Young Adults

Intra-individual physiological response of recreational runners to different training mesocycles: a randomized cross-over study

The Effects of a Theacrine-based Supplement on mRNAs Related to Various Metabolic Processes and Sirtuin Activity in vitro

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