The Effects of a Physical Fitness Program on Low-Fit Children

Ignico, Arlene A.; Mahon, Anthony D.

doi:10.1080/02701367.1995.10607659

Cited by 48 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Our results confirm those of other studies 13,14 showing significant improvements in fitness of high-risk youth through participation in physical activity. In this sample of urban, minority adolescent girls, participation in a 12-week program of physical activity evidently enhanced physical, psychological/emotional, and social aspects of health.…”

Section: Effects Of After-school Physical Activity On Fitness Fatnessupporting

confidence: 83%

Effects of after-school physical activity on fitness, fatness, and cognitive self-perceptions: a pilot study among urban, minority adolescent girls

2000

Am J Public Health

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Section: Effects Of After-school Physical Activity On Fitness Fatnessupporting

confidence: 83%

Effects of after-school physical activity on fitness, fatness, and cognitive self-perceptions: a pilot study among urban, minority adolescent girls

2000

Am J Public Health

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“…10,11 Moreover, improvements in CVF can be obtained through regular participation in moderate and vigorous levels of physical activity. 39,40 Collectively, this may indicate that physical activity could have a positive impact on low-grade inflammation through the improvement of CVF.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Associations of low-grade inflammation with physical activity, fitness and fatness in prepubertal children; the European Youth Heart Study

et al. 2007

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Objective: To examine the associations of low-grade inflammation with objectively measured physical activity, cardiovascular fitness (CVF) and fatness in prepubertal children. Design: Cross-sectional study. Subjects: One hundred and forty-two children (74 boys and 68 girls) aged 9-10 years (pubertal stage I and II) from the Swedish part of the European Youth Heart Study. Measurements: Total physical activity and its intensity levels (moderate, vigorous, moderate þ vigorous) were measured by accelerometry. CVF was measured with a maximal ergometer bike test. Body fat was derived from the sum of five skinfold thicknesses. The measured low-grade inflammatory markers include C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, complement factors C3 and C4. Results: C-reactive protein and C3 were negatively associated with CVF (b ¼ À0.254 and À0.267, respectively, Po0.05) and positively associated with body fat (b ¼ 0.439 and 0.446, respectively, Po0.001), after controlling for sex, age and pubertal development. C-reactive protein and C3 were not significantly associated with CVF once body fat was in the model. Low-grade inflammation was not associated with physical activity, but physical activity was associated with CVF. Conclusions:The results showed that low-grade inflammatory markers were negatively associated with CVF and positively associated with body fat in prepubertal children. For most of the variables, the influence of fatness was slightly higher than the influence of CVF. The findings suggest that the potential beneficial effects of physical activity on low-grade inflammation may be explained by its association with CVF. Understanding the interplay between physical activity, CVF and fatness may be of importance to reducing cardiovascular disease risk in young people.

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“…Cardiorespiratory fitness is highly influenced by the person's activity level [3,4,33,34]. Objectively measured physical activity has also been negatively associated with body fat activity level [3,4], and with fasting insulin levels [35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Markers of insulin resistance are associated with fatness and fitness in school-aged children: the European Youth Heart Study

et al. 2007

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Aims/hypothesis Our aim was to examine the association between markers of insulin resistance and: (1) body fat and waist circumference, taking into account cardiorespiratory fitness in school-aged children; and (2) cardiorespiratory fitness at differing levels of body fat and waist circumference. Subjects and methods This was a cross-sectional study of 873 children aged 9.6±0.4 years from Estonia and Sweden. Weight, height and waist circumference were measured. Body fat was expressed as the sum of five skinfold thicknesses. Cardiorespiratory fitness was estimated by a maximal cycle-ergometer test. The studied markers of insulin resistance were fasting insulin and glucose, and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA). Results HOMA and fasting insulin were positively associated with body fat and waist circumference after adjusting for cardiorespiratory fitness, age, pubertal status and study location. HOMA and fasting insulin were negatively associated with cardiorespiratory fitness in children in the third (highest) tertile of body fat and waist circumference after controlling for sex, age, pubertal status and study location. Fasting glucose was negatively associated with cardiorespiratory fitness in children in the third (highest) tertile of waist circumference, but it was not associated when body fat was taken into account. Conclusions/interpretation In school-aged children, HOMA and fasting insulin are significantly associated with body fat and waist circumference. In addition, cardiorespiratory fitness explains a significant proportion of the HOMA and fasting insulin variance in those children with high levels of body fat and waist circumference. The findings suggest that the deleterious consequences ascribed to high fatness could be counteracted by having high levels of cardiorespiratory fitness.

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The Effects of a Physical Fitness Program on Low-Fit Children

Cited by 48 publications

References 18 publications

Effects of after-school physical activity on fitness, fatness, and cognitive self-perceptions: a pilot study among urban, minority adolescent girls

Effects of after-school physical activity on fitness, fatness, and cognitive self-perceptions: a pilot study among urban, minority adolescent girls

Associations of low-grade inflammation with physical activity, fitness and fatness in prepubertal children; the European Youth Heart Study

Markers of insulin resistance are associated with fatness and fitness in school-aged children: the European Youth Heart Study

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