The Effects of a Three-Month Exercise Programme on Neuropsychological Function in Elderly Institutionalized Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Molloy, D. William; McLaughlin, Jeffery; Richardson, L. Delaquerriere; Crilly, Richard G.

doi:10.1093/ageing/17.5.303

Cited by 68 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…32 Cognitive and emotional benefits of exercise for PWD have been well supported in other studies, including decreased depression and apathy in exercisers compared with nonexercisers. 5,[18][19][20]23,24 Findings from this pilot study are also consistent with the growing body of research describing the effects of CBT on cognitive and behavioral outcomes, including depression. 7,[36][37][38]40 Overall, results from this preliminary study are consistent with findings from previous studies, including the measures used to assess the effects of the multimodal intervention.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Specific to PWD, results from a meta-analysis of exercise interventions include moderate, positive effects on cognitive performance (effect size [ES] = .57). 2 Specific cognitive effects of exercise for PWD include increase in mental status, 5,18 improved word fluency, 19 and increased free-recall and recognition performance. 20 The types of exercise forms tested include mobility and endurance exercises, isotonic and isometric exercises, endurance-seated exercises, light aerobic exercises, and range of motion and resistance exercises.…”

Section: Background Effects Of Exercise On Cognitive Physical and Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects of a Multimodal Intervention on Outcomes of Persons With Early-Stage Dementia

Burgener

Yang

Gilbert³

et al. 2008

Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen

149

219

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Theories supporting the existence of a use-dependent neuroplasticity in the older brain were used to guide this pilot study. A repeated-measures randomized design was used to test the effectiveness of a multimodal (Taiji exercises, cognitive-behavioral therapies, support group) intervention on cognitive functioning, physical functioning, and behavioral outcomes in persons with dementia. The treatment group (n = 24 persons with dementia) participated in a 40-week intervention, with outcomes assessed at 20 and 40 weeks to assess optimal treatment length. Control group subjects (n = 19 persons with dementia) received attention-control educational programs. At 20 weeks, differences between groups were found for mental ability and self-esteem, with gains in balance being evident. Also, stability in depression and physical health were evident at 20 and 40 weeks for treatment group subjects. Continued improvement in outcomes was not observed at 40 weeks. However, findings support further testing of the intervention along with potential for achieving positive outcomes in early-stage dementia.Keywords multimodal intervention; Taiji exercises; randomized design; cognition; balance Persons with dementia (PWD) experience progressive loss of cognitive, physical, and functional ability beyond that accounted for by normal aging processes. 1 Nonpharmacological interventions initiated early in the disease have the potential to improve outcomes, including cognition and functional ability. Functional status could be improved with exercise, but exercise interventions are rarely recommended for PWD, despite a large body of evidence showing the efficacy of exercise. 2 Studies supporting the effects of exercise on cognitive function have been conducted primarily in institutional settings and with persons at later disease stages. [2][3][4][5] Cognitive therapies have also been tested extensively in PWD with consistent improvements in cognitive outcomes that are comparable to drug trials. 6,7 Support programs, such as support groups, have been used with PWD for over a decade, although systematic studies of the benefits of support programs are lacking. Few studies, however, have tested multimodal interventions that combine exercise, cognitive therapies, and support programs for persons in the early to early-middle stages of NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript dementia. 8 The purpose of this pilot study was to test the feasibility and the effects of a multimodal intervention (Taiji exercise, cognitive therapies, and support group) on cognitive functioning, physical functioning, and behavioral outcomes of PWD. The research questions guiding this pilot study included 1. What are the effects of a multimodal intervention (Taiji exercise, cognitivebehavioral therapies [CBT], and support group) on cognitive functioning, physical functioning, and behavioral outcomes of PWD compared with PWD not receiving the intervention? It was hypothesized that the treatment group would show improved cognitive fun...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Background Effects Of Exercise On Cognitive Physical and Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of a Multimodal Intervention on Outcomes of Persons With Early-Stage Dementia

Burgener

Yang

Gilbert³

et al. 2008

Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen

149

219

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…47,55,57,[59][60][61][62][63][64] One explanation may be that most exercise programs last a few months, whereas physical activity may protect cognitive function in the long-term.…”

Section: Physical Activity and The Prevention Of Dementia Ad Or Cogmentioning

confidence: 99%

Healthy Brain Aging: Role of Exercise and Physical Activity

Rolland¹,

Kan²,

Vellas³

2010

Clinics in Geriatric Medicine

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“…Early experimental studies regarding the eVects of physical exercise on neuropsychological function in older persons (Diesfeldt and Diesfeldt-Groenendijk 1977;Molloy et al 1988) and recent meta-analyses of experimental studies (Colcombe and Kramer 2003;Heyn et al 2004) revealed, that physical activity not only increases strength, physical Wtness and functional performance, but also results in improvements in cognitive functions. Various Wndings of neurophysiological research suggest that mental and physical activities enhance synaptic connections between the brain cells and neuronal plasticity (Bennett et al 1996;Spatz 1996), i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential effects of single versus combined cognitive and physical training with older adults: the SimA study in a 5-year perspective

et al. 2006

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The present study evaluates the eVect of cognitive training, of psychoeducational training and of physical training on cognitive functioning, physical functioning, physical health, independent living and wellbeing in older people. Also the combination of physical training with cognitive training or psychoeducational training, respectively, was evaluated. In contrast to most training studies with older people, training eVects were evaluated in a longitudinal perspective over 5 years to analyse long-term-results of cognitive and physical activity on older adults. Training eVects were evaluated compared to a no-treatment-control group. Subjects were 375 community residents aged 75-93 years. Up to 5 years after baseline examination, signiWcant training eVects were observed in the group exposed to the combined cognitive and physical training. The physical and cognitive status in the participants of this group could be preserved on a higher level compared to baseline, and the participants displayed fewer depressive symptoms than the notreatment-control group. The results are discussed in the light of recent research regarding the eVects of mental and physical activity on brain function in older adults.

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The Effects of a Three-Month Exercise Programme on Neuropsychological Function in Elderly Institutionalized Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Cited by 68 publications

References 0 publications

The Effects of a Multimodal Intervention on Outcomes of Persons With Early-Stage Dementia

The Effects of a Multimodal Intervention on Outcomes of Persons With Early-Stage Dementia

Healthy Brain Aging: Role of Exercise and Physical Activity

Differential effects of single versus combined cognitive and physical training with older adults: the SimA study in a 5-year perspective

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