The effects of acrylamide on the frequency of megakaryocytic emperipolesis and the mitotic activity of rat bone marrow cells

Yener, Yeşim; Dikmenli, Musa

doi:10.1002/jsfa.4388

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The CONTAM Panel noted a number of other studies on AA, that were either confirmative, performed at extremely high dose levels, or of unclear relevance, which are not described in detail (Begum Sheikh and Kedam, 2010;Céspedes-Camacho et al, 2010;Muthukumar et al, 2011;Zhang et al, 2011;Yener and Dikmenli, 2011;Szewczyk et al, 2012;El-Alfy et al, 2013;Tarskikh et al, 2013;Yerlikaya et al, 2013).…”

Section: Modes Of Action Of Carcinogenicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on acrylamide in food

Publication¹

2015

EFS2

342

170

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EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on acrylamide (AA) in food. AA has widespread uses as an industrial chemical. It is also formed when certain foods are prepared at temperatures above 120 °C and low moisture, especially in foods containing asparagine and reducing sugars. The CONTAM Panel evaluated 43 419 analytical results from food commodities. AA was found at the highest levels in solid coffee substitutes and coffee, and in potato fried products. Mean and 95th percentile dietary AA exposures across surveys and age groups were estimated at 0.4 to 1.9 µg/kg body weight (b.w.) per day and 0.6 to 3.4 µg/kg b.w. per day, respectively. The main contributor to total dietary exposure was generally the category 'Potato fried products (except potato crisps and snacks)'. Preferences in home-cooking can have a substantial impact on human dietary AA exposure. Upon oral intake, AA is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed to all organs. AA is extensively metabolised, mostly by conjugation with glutathione but also by epoxidation to glycidamide (GA). Formation of GA is considered to represent the route underlying the genotoxicity and carcinogenicity of AA. Neurotoxicity, adverse effects on male reproduction, developmental toxicity and carcinogenicity were identified as possible critical endpoints for AA toxicity from experimental animal studies. The data from human studies were inadequate for dose-response assessment. The CONTAM Panel selected BMDL 10 values of 0.43 mg/kg b.w. per day for peripheral neuropathy in rats and of 0.17 mg/kg b.w. per day for neoplastic effects in mice. The Panel concluded that the current levels of dietary exposure to AA are not of concern with respect to non-neoplastic effects. However, although the epidemiological associations have not demonstrated AA to be a human carcinogen, the margins of exposure (MOEs) indicate a concern for neoplastic effects based on animal evidence. © European Food SUMMARYFollowing a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM Panel) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on acrylamide (AA) in food. The Panel developed the draft scientific opinion which underwent a public consultation from 1 July 2014 to 15 September 2014. The comments received and how they were taken into account when finalising the scientific opinion were published in an EFSA Technical Report (EFSA, 2015).AA is a low molecular weight, highly water soluble, organic compound. It is used inter alia as an industrial chemical and in the production of polyacrylamides. Heightened concerns about exposure to AA arose in 2002 when it was discovered that it forms when certain foods are prepared at temperatures usually above 120 °C and low moisture. It forms, at least in part, due to a Maillard reaction between certain amino acids, such as asparagine, and reducing sugars. However, several other pathways and precursors have also been proposed to contribute to AA formation. AA forms in numerous baked or fried carbohydrate-rich f...

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Section: Modes Of Action Of Carcinogenicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on acrylamide in food

Publication¹

2015

EFS2

342

170

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“…engulfing of various BM cells by megakaryocytes [40], was also frequently observed in this study. Emperipolesis increases in various disorders, including multiple myeloma, carcinoma, lymphoma [41], platelet disorders [42] and serious hemorrhage [43], however the pathophysiological importance of emperipolesisis is yet to be fully understood and its significance is uncertain [44,45]. Indeed, this event may be linked to the effects of interleukin-6 (IL-6), which alters the process of megakaryocyte maturation, thus altering thrombocytopoiesis [45].…”

Section: (12)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of blood and bone marrow in selected canine vector-borne diseases

Tommasi

Otranto

Furlanello

et al. 2014

Parasites & Vectors

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Background: Bone marrow (BM) is a major hematopoietic organ that can harbour a variety of vector-borne pathogens; however, knowledge of BM pathological changes in dogs infected with vector-borne pathogens is limited. Thus, the aim of the present study was to assess the pathological changes in canine BM associated with natural infections by four vector-borne pathogens, as well as to determine the relationships between such changes and abnormalities of the peripheral blood.

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“…engulfing of various BM cells by megakaryocytes [ 40 ], was also frequently observed in this study. Emperipolesis increases in various disorders, including multiple myeloma, carcinoma, lymphoma [ 41 ], platelet disorders [ 42 ] and serious hemorrhage [ 43 ], however the pathophysiological importance of emperipolesisis is yet to be fully understood and its significance is uncertain [ 44 , 45 ]. Indeed, this event may be linked to the effects of interleukin-6 (IL-6), which alters the process of megakaryocyte maturation, thus altering thrombocytopoiesis [ 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of blood and bone marrow in selected canine vector-borne diseases

et al. 2014

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BackgroundBone marrow (BM) is a major hematopoietic organ that can harbour a variety of vector-borne pathogens; however, knowledge of BM pathological changes in dogs infected with vector-borne pathogens is limited. Thus, the aim of the present study was to assess the pathological changes in canine BM associated with natural infections by four vector-borne pathogens, as well as to determine the relationships between such changes and abnormalities of the peripheral blood.MethodsCytological disorders and pathological changes of the BM of 83 dogs naturally-infected with one or more of four vector-borne pathogens (i.e., Anaplasma platys, Leishmania infantum, Babesia vogeli and Hepatozoon canis) were evaluated and compared with the corresponding hematological findings.ResultsDysgranulopoiesis and dysmegakaryocytopoiesis were the most frequently observed BM abnormalities in infected dogs. Erythroid suppression, and lymphocytic, monocytic and macrophage hyperplasia were also observed. Interestingly, associations between suppression and hyperplasia of specific cell lines in the marrow and corresponding changes in numbers of circulating peripheral blood cells were not observed.ConclusionsInfections with one or more of the vector-borne pathogens examined in this study should be considered as differential diagnoses for secondary dysmyelopoiesis.

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The effects of acrylamide on the frequency of megakaryocytic emperipolesis and the mitotic activity of rat bone marrow cells

Abstract: It was concluded that the decrease in megakaryocytic emperipolesis frequency might be a consequence of the decrease in mitotic activity in bone marrow cells.

Cited by 15 publications

References 32 publications

Scientific Opinion on acrylamide in food

Scientific Opinion on acrylamide in food

Evaluation of blood and bone marrow in selected canine vector-borne diseases

Evaluation of blood and bone marrow in selected canine vector-borne diseases

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