The effects of afforestation as an adaptation option: a case study in the upper Chao Phraya River basin

Takata, Kumiko; Hanasaki, Naota

doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ab7462

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…It should be noted that the reservoir operations did not significantly affect the annual flow (Table 3) because the reservoirs store flood volume during the wet season and release it during the dry season, thereby maintaining an equilibrium between the annual inflows and releases. On the contrary, the afforestation reduced the annual flow due to enhanced evapotranspiration (Takata & Hanasaki, 2020). The reduction rate of the wet season discharge due to reservoir operations was remarkable compared with that achieved by the afforestation options.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in reality, this reservoir operation scenario would be extremely difficult to attain. Evaluating the combined effect of reservoir operation and afforestation under changing climate scenarios. For this purpose, the relative effect of three afforestation cases was extracted from Takata and Hanasaki (2020) for the future annual, wet, and dry season discharge at C.2 station, rather than simulating its effect using the H08 model, because their study used the same general circulation models (GCMs) under the same representative concentration pathway (RCP) scenarios as our study. The considered afforestation cases were, (i) case 1–20% afforestation (corresponds to the land use map of 1970), (ii) case 2–100% afforestation (corresponds to the land use map of 1950), and (iii) case 3–100% afforestation with modified soil properties (modified soil parameters to better represent the formation of litter layer in forest land use).…”

Section: Simulation Scenarios and Data Usedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact assessment of reservoir operation in the context of climate change adaptation in the Chao Phraya River basin

Gopalan

Hanasaki

Champathong

et al. 2020

Hydrological Processes

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Climate change adaptation has become the current focus of research due to the remarkable potential of climate change to alter the spatial and temporal distribution of global water availability. Although reservoir operation is a potential adaptation option, earlier studies explicitly demonstrated only its historical quantitative effects. Therefore, this article evaluated the possibility of reservoir operation from an adaptation viewpoint for regulating the future flow using the H08 global hydrological model with the Chao Phraya River basin as a case study. This basin is the largest river system in Thailand and has often been affected by extreme weather challenges in the past. Future climate scenarios were constructed from the bias‐corrected outputs of three general circulation models from 2080 to 2099 under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. The important conclusions that can be drawn from this study are as follows: (i) the operation of existing and hypothetical (i.e., construction under planning) reservoirs cannot reduce the future high flows below the channel carrying capacity, although it can increase low flows in the basin. This indicates that changes in the magnitude of future high flow due to climate change are likely to be larger than those achieved by reservoir operation and there is a need for other adaptation options. (ii) A combination of reservoir operation and afforestation was considered as an adaptation strategy, but the magnitude of the discharge reduction in the wet season was still smaller than the increase caused by warming. This further signifies the necessity of combining other structural, as well as non‐structural, measures. Overall, this adaptation approach for assessing the effect of reservoir operation in reducing the climate change impacts using H08 model can be applied not only in the study area but also in other places where climate change signals are robust.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Simulation Scenarios and Data Usedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact assessment of reservoir operation in the context of climate change adaptation in the Chao Phraya River basin

Gopalan

Hanasaki

Champathong

et al. 2020

Hydrological Processes

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“…Large fraction of population (~90%) in the basin lives in rural areas and exposed to river flooding due to storage of flood water in rice fields (UN 2003;Reda et al 2012;Komsai et al 2016). The flooding in Ping basin is associated to heavy monsoon rainfall, tropical storms, typhoons, and land-use changes (Wood and Ziegler 2008;Gale and Saunders 2013;Komsai et al 2016;Takata and Hanasaki 2020). Available literature on climate change assessment in the basin though very limited, reports significant increase in temperature extremes and insignificant decrease in mean and extreme precipitation in the basin (Sharma and Babel 2013;Masud et al 2016;Saengsawang et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flood Inundation Mapping and Hazard Assessment for Mitigation Analysis of Local Adaption Measures in Upper Ping River Basin, Thailand

Tansar

Akbar

Aslam

2021

Preprint

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Annual monsoon flooding phenomena have caused disastrous impacts on the Upper Ping River basin and its inhabitants over the years. The existing administration set-up for flood mitigation and adaptation measures lacks effective utilization of locally available resources for complete flood protection. This study addressed this gap by flood hazard assessment at a lower administration scale (sub-district level) and performance evaluation of local adaptation measures was performed. 1D and 2D hydrodynamic models were developed and calibrated against observed discharge and water level (1D) and flood extent (2D), respectively. Flood inundation and hazard maps were reproduced and categorized into different classes based on defined critical depths for 2, 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 years return periods. A maximum flood inundated area of 996.9 km2 (3.94% of total basin area) was simulated in a 100-year return period. The flood hazard results represent that the largest flooded area categorized under “high hazard”, followed by “very high hazard” and “low hazard” categories, and least flooded area was classified under “medium hazard” category. The current administration set-up for flood adaptation and mitigation needs to update based on an integrated flood management approach to improve its effectiveness for future flood protection.

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“…A large fraction of the population (~ 90%) in the basin lives in rural areas and is exposed to river flooding due to the accumulation of floodwater in rice fields (UN 2003;Reda et al 2012;Komsai et al 2016). The flooding in the Ping basin is associated with heavy monsoon rainfall, tropical storms, typhoons, and land-use changes (Wood and Ziegler 2008;Gale and Saunders 2013;Komsai et al 2016;Takata and Hanasaki 2020). The available literature on climate change in the basin reports a significant increase in temperature extremes and an insignificant decrease in mean and extreme rainfall (Sharma and Babel 2013;Masud et al 2016;Saengsawang et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flood inundation mapping and hazard assessment for mitigation analysis of local adaptation measures in Upper Ping River Basin, Thailand

2021

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Floods have the potential to cause severe damages to humankind around the world. Similarly, the annual monsoon flooding phenomena have had devastating consequences on the Upper Ping River basin throughout the years. The current administrative structure for implementing flood mitigation and adaptation measures lacks effective utilization of locally available resources to provide comprehensive protection against flood-triggered devastation. That is why this study addressed this gap by conducting a flood hazard assessment at the sub-district level. The study assesses flood offsetting potential of local adaptation measures. A modeling approach was used that consists of developing the MIKE 11 and MIKE 21 hydrodynamic models for 1-D and 2-D channel conditions, respectively. MIKE 11 and MIKE 21 models were calibrated against observed discharge and water level (1D) flood extent (2D), respectively. Flood inundation and hazard maps were reproduced and categorized into several classes based on defined critical depths for 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 years return periods. The flood inundations reproduced on 601.8-996.9 km 2 (2.37-3.94% of total basin area) for 5-100-year return period floods, respectively. Based on flood hazard results, the "high hazard" category took first place with the largest flooded area, followed by "very high hazard" and "low hazard" categories, and the "medium hazard" category was ranked at last place with the least coverage of inundated area. To improve future flood protection, the existing administrative structure for flood adaptation and mitigation has to be updated based on an integrated flood management strategy.

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The effects of afforestation as an adaptation option: a case study in the upper Chao Phraya River basin

Cited by 16 publications

References 28 publications

Impact assessment of reservoir operation in the context of climate change adaptation in the Chao Phraya River basin

Impact assessment of reservoir operation in the context of climate change adaptation in the Chao Phraya River basin

Flood Inundation Mapping and Hazard Assessment for Mitigation Analysis of Local Adaption Measures in Upper Ping River Basin, Thailand

Flood inundation mapping and hazard assessment for mitigation analysis of local adaptation measures in Upper Ping River Basin, Thailand

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