The effects of agronomy on the carbon and nitrogen contained in the soil biomass

Adams, T. McM.; Laughlin, R. J.

doi:10.1017/s0021859600040740

Cited by 82 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The observation that soils under perennial grass generally have higher microbial biomass (carbon) than annually cropped soils (Adams and Laughlin, 1981;Jenkinson and Powlson, 1976;Lynch and Panting, 1980b) was not confirmed for microbial biomass nitrogen in our investigation. However, differences are more pronounced in soils which have been under perennial crops for a long time, and are sometimes related to an increase in soil organic matter content under perennial crops (Adams and Laughlin, 1981).…”

Section: Microbial Biomass Nitrogencontrasting

confidence: 85%

“…However, differences are more pronounced in soils which have been under perennial crops for a long time, and are sometimes related to an increase in soil organic matter content under perennial crops (Adams and Laughlin, 1981). In Kjettslinge, no differences in soil organic matter content developed between the annual and perennial systems during the study (1979E Steen, pers.…”

Section: Microbial Biomass Nitrogenmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Distribution of15N in the soil-plant system during a four-year field lysimeter study with barley (Hordeum distichum L.) and perennial meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.)

Lindberg

Bonde

Bergström³

et al. 1989

Plant Soil

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An annual cereal, barley, and a perennial grass ley, meadow fescue, were grown in field lysimeters in Sweden and fertilized with 12 and 20g Ca(NO3)2-N m -2 yr -~, respectively. Isotope-labeled (15N) fertilizer was added during year 1 of the study, whereafter similar amounts of unlabeled N were added during years 2 and 3. The grass ley lysimeters were ploughed after the growing season of year 3 and sown with barley during year 4. The barley harvest in year 1 removed 59% of the added fertilizer N, while the fertilizer N export by two meadow fescue harvests in year 1 was 65%. The labeled N export decreased rapidly after year 1, especially in the barley, but increased slightly after ploughing of the grass ley.The microbial biomass, measured with the chloroform fumigation method, incorporated a maximum of 1.4-1.7% of the labeled N during the first seven weeks after application. Later on, the incorporation stabilized at less than 1% in both cropping systems.The susceptibility of the residual labeled N to mineralization was evaluated three years after application by means of long-term laboratory incubations. The curves of cumulative mineralized N were described by a two-component first-order regression model that differentiated between an available and a more recalcitrant fraction of potentially mineralizable N. There was no difference in the amounts of potentially mineralizable N between the cropping systems. The labeled N comprised 5 and 2% of the amounts of potentially mineralizable N in the available and more recalcitrant fraction, respectively. The mineralization rate constants for the labeled N were almost twice as high as for the total potentially mineralizable N. The available fraction of the total potentially mineralizable N was 12%, while twice that proportion of the labeled N was available.It was concluded that the short-term ley did not differ from the annual crop with respect to the early disposition of the fertilizer N and the behaviour of the residual organic N. 26Lindberg et al.

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Section: Microbial Biomass Nitrogencontrasting

confidence: 85%

Section: Microbial Biomass Nitrogenmentioning

confidence: 97%

Distribution of15N in the soil-plant system during a four-year field lysimeter study with barley (Hordeum distichum L.) and perennial meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.)

Lindberg

Bonde

Bergström³

et al. 1989

Plant Soil

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“…Considering the development of the herbaceous cover following the storm (Table 3), we may suppose that the nitrogen storage in the herbaceous cover does not exceed 100 kg N ha À1 . Storage in the microbial biomass: the microbial biomass may contain an important pool of nitrogen, accounting for 2-6% of the total nitrogen in soils (Anderson and Domsch, 1980;Adams and Laughlin, 1981). In the Fougè res context, the stock of total nitrogen in soils is about 5000 kg N ha À1 (Lecointe et al, 2006), which corresponds to a maximum of 300 kg N ha À1 stored in the microbial biomass.…”

Section: Nitrogen Losses and Redistributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of storm Lothar (1999) on the chemical composition of soil solutions and on herbaceous cover, humus and soils (Fougères, France)

Legout¹,

Nys²,

Picard³

et al. 2009

Forest Ecology and Management

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“…Its size *Corresponding author: nur.okur@ege.edu.tr 306 NUR OKUR, SEL<;UK GO<;MEZ AND YUKSEL TUZEL and activity is directly related to the amount and quality of carbon and other nutrients available from plant residues, organic amendments and root exudates (Martyniuk & Wagner, 1978;Adams & Laughlin, 1981;Fraser et al, 1988). Manure-based fertilization of organic farming systems necessarily involves the addition of large quantities of carbon in addition to the nutrient elements with which the crops are being fertilized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Organic Manure Application and Solarization on Soil Microbial Biomass and Enzyme Activities Under Greenhouse Conditions

Okur¹,

Göçmez²,

Tüzel³

2006

Biological Agriculture & Horticulture

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The temporal behaviour of soil microbial biomass C (SMBC) and the protease, urease, phosphatase and dehydrogenase activities were measured in the organic production of tomato and cucumber crops under greenhouse conditions. Soil was fertilized with either farmyard manure or poultry manure. Manures were applied either alone or with two biological preparations, E2001 and Allgrow Bioplasma. The effect of solarization on microbial activity was also studied. Soil samples were taken three times in each growing season. Activities of protease, urease and phosphatase decreased by 26% and dehydrogenase by 50% after solarization. In both crops, the highest amounts of organic C and SMBC were determined in soils with applied poultry manure. Protease and urease activities showed a strong increase after the first manure application. After the second manure application, enzyme activities stabilized at lower levels than in the first 6 months. Low temperature in the winter season may have limited phosphatase activity. Dehydrogenase activity was very low in all treatments, probably because the greenhouse soils were intensively fertilized with nitrogenous fertilizers before the experiment. Among the organic sources used, poultry manure had a long-term effect on enzyme activity.

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The effects of agronomy on the carbon and nitrogen contained in the soil biomass

Cited by 82 publications

References 11 publications

Distribution of15N in the soil-plant system during a four-year field lysimeter study with barley (Hordeum distichum L.) and perennial meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.)

Distribution of15N in the soil-plant system during a four-year field lysimeter study with barley (Hordeum distichum L.) and perennial meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.)

Effects of storm Lothar (1999) on the chemical composition of soil solutions and on herbaceous cover, humus and soils (Fougères, France)

Effect of Organic Manure Application and Solarization on Soil Microbial Biomass and Enzyme Activities Under Greenhouse Conditions

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