The effects of an expanded cognitive stimulation therapy model on the improvement of cognitive ability of elderly with mild stage Dementia living in a community — a randomized waitlist controlled trial

Abstract

The present study demonstrates the effectiveness of the expanded CST model on the improvement of cognitive ability of community-dwelling EwMD. More research is needed to further investigate this intervention model across cultures and societies.

Effects of Mind‐Body Exercises on Cognitive Function in Older Adults: A Meta‐Analysis

“…A total of 32 randomized clinical trials with 3624 participants were included in the analysis. The age of the included participants ranged from 50 to 85 years.…”

“…Because mind‐body exercise is a nonpharmacologic therapy, nearly all of the studies failed to blind the participants and personnel. The outcome assessments were blinded in 20 studies (62.5%) . Thirty studies (93.75%) had a low risk of attrition bias because most studies reported the dropout rate or represented detailed explanations.…”

“…The treatments used for the intervention groups included tai chi, [14][15][16][17]25,26,28,29,31,33,[35][36][37][38][39][40]42,43 yoga, 13,[21][22][23][24]32,34,41 and dance. 12,[18][19][20]27,30 Different practices of mind-body exercises included varied schools that were12/24-form Yang-style tai chi, ballroom dance, Iyengar or Kundalini yoga, and so on (the detailed schools are shown in Supplementary Table S1).…”

“…Among the 32 RCTs, 24 studies (75%) 13,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22]24,25,[27][28][29][30][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40]42,43 reported random sequence generation using appropriate methods such as a random number table, computer generation, or block or stratified randomization, and 15 studies (46.9%) 16,[19][20][21][22]24,25,[27][28][29]35,37,40,42,43 reported the use of allocation concealment methods. Because mindbody exercise is a nonpharmacologic therapy, nearly all of the studies failed to blind the participants and personnel.…”

“…The outcome assessments were blinded in 20 studies (62.5%). [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][27][28][29][33][34][35][37][38][39]42,43 Thirty studies (93.75%) had a low risk of attrition bias because most studies reported the dropout rate or represented detailed explanations. Overall, 21 studies (65.6%) [16][17][18][19][20][21][22]24,25,[27][28][29][33][34][35][37][38][39][40] were recognized as having a low risk of methodological quality, and the remaining studies were deemed to have a low methodological quality.…”