The effects of artificial light at night on Eurasian tree sparrow (Passer montanus): Behavioral rhythm disruption, melatonin suppression and intestinal microbiota alterations

Jiang, Jun; He, Yu; Kou, Honghong; Ju, Zongqi; Gao, Xuebin; Zhao, Hongfeng

doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105702

Cited by 37 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Out of 10 studies included in the review, only five were explicitly designed to test the hypothesis that ALAN suppresses melatonin in birds (Table 4). These studies used five different Passeriformes species: Eurasian blackbird (Turdus merula) [96], western scrub-jay (Aphelocoma californica) [97], great tit (Parus major) [15], Indian weaver bird (Ploceus philippinus) [98], and Eurasian tree sparrow (Passer montanus) [99]. The other five studies used an experimental dim illumination at night in the context of circadian rhythms research [100][101][102] and/or photoperiodism [103,104].…”

Section: Birdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The intensity and exposure of ALAN varied greatly between studies. The experiments that were explicitly designed to test for the effects of ALAN on behavior and physiology of birds used a light intensity that ranged from 0.3 lx [96] [15], and 8 lx [99]. Two studies used a single level of light intensity applied constantly throughout the night [96,97].…”

Section: Birdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reference [98] used a compact fluorescent lamp with a high concentration of blue light. Some studies used fluorescent cool light [99,101,104] or even natural light in the summer Antarctic [100]. Studies not designed to test for ALAN effects used mostly fluorescent light sources [102,104].…”

Section: Birdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Melatonin levels seem to be affected by light intensity as low as 0.3 lx in the Eurasian blackbird [96], but only above 1 lx in the Indian weaver bird [98,101], suggesting that species-specific thresholds may exist. Dose-response effects were clearly shown by experiments that exposed the same species to different levels of ALAN [99,101]. The shape of the response is, however, mostly unclear, and it is impossible at present to state whether any specific thresholds exist, or whether melatonin is suppressed in a linear or curvilinear manner by ALAN.…”

Section: Birdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Light Pollution, Circadian Photoreception, and Melatonin in Vertebrates

et al. 2019

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Artificial light at night (ALAN) is increasing exponentially worldwide, accelerated by the transition to new efficient lighting technologies. However, ALAN and resulting light pollution can cause unintended physiological consequences. In vertebrates, production of melatonin—the “hormone of darkness” and a key player in circadian regulation—can be suppressed by ALAN. In this paper, we provide an overview of research on melatonin and ALAN in vertebrates. We discuss how ALAN disrupts natural photic environments, its effect on melatonin and circadian rhythms, and different photoreceptor systems across vertebrate taxa. We then present the results of a systematic review in which we identified studies on melatonin under typical light-polluted conditions in fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals, including humans. Melatonin is suppressed by extremely low light intensities in many vertebrates, ranging from 0.01–0.03 lx for fishes and rodents to 6 lx for sensitive humans. Even lower, wavelength-dependent intensities are implied by some studies and require rigorous testing in ecological contexts. In many studies, melatonin suppression occurs at the minimum light levels tested, and, in better-studied groups, melatonin suppression is reported to occur at lower light levels. We identify major research gaps and conclude that, for most groups, crucial information is lacking. No studies were identified for amphibians and reptiles and long-term impacts of low-level ALAN exposure are unknown. Given the high sensitivity of vertebrate melatonin production to ALAN and the paucity of available information, it is crucial to research impacts of ALAN further in order to inform effective mitigation strategies for human health and the wellbeing and fitness of vertebrates in natural ecosystems.

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Section: Birdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Birdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Birdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Birdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Light Pollution, Circadian Photoreception, and Melatonin in Vertebrates

et al. 2019

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“…The detrimental physiological and behavioral effects resulting from the exposure to light at night are known (2,(8)(9)(10), but the influences of light pollution on the emergence and development of the infectious disease are yet to be elucidated. The appearance Graphical Abstract | Impact of artificial light at night on the physiology and behavior of the nocturnal animal, the bat.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial Light at Night (ALAN): A Potential Anthropogenic Component for the COVID-19 and HCoVs Outbreak

et al. 2020

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The origin of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is zoonotic. The circadian day-night is the rhythmic clue to organisms for their synchronized body functions. The "development for mankind" escalated the use of artificial light at night (ALAN). In this article, we tried to focus on the possible influence of this anthropogenic factor in human coronavirus (HCoV) outbreak. The relationship between the occurrences of coronavirus and the ascending curve of the night-light has also been delivered. The ALAN influences the physiology and behavior of bat, a known nocturnal natural reservoir of many Coronaviridae. The "threatened" and "endangered" status of the majority of bat species is mainly because of the destruction of their proper habit and habitat predominantly through artificial illumination. The stress exerted by ALAN leads to the impaired body functions, especially endocrine, immune, genomic integration, and overall rhythm features of different physiological variables and behaviors in nocturnal animals. Night-light disturbs "virus-host" synchronization and may lead to mutation in the genomic part of the virus and excessive virus shedding. We also proposed some future strategies to mitigate the repercussions of ALAN and for the protection of the living system in the earth as well.

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Seasonal associations with light pollution trends for nocturnally migrating bird populations

et al. 2022

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Artificial light at night (ALAN) is adversely affecting natural systems worldwide, including the disorienting influence of ALAN on nocturnally migrating birds. Understanding how ALAN trends are developing across species' seasonal distributions will inform mitigation efforts, such as Lights Out programs. Here, we intersect ALAN annual trend estimates with weekly estimates of relative abundance for 42 nocturnally migrating passerine bird species that breed in North America using observations from the eBird community science database for the combined period 2005-2020. We use a cluster analysis to identify species with similar weekly associations with ALAN trends. Our results identified three prominent clusters. Two contained species that occurred in northeastern and western North America during the breeding season. These species were associated with moderate ALAN levels and weak negative ALAN trends during the breeding season, and low ALAN levels and strong positive ALAN trends during the nonbreeding season. The difference between the breeding and nonbreeding seasons was lower for species that occurred in northern South America and greater for species that occurred in Central America during the nonbreeding season. For species that occurred in South America during the nonbreeding season, positive ALAN trends increased in strength as species migrated through Central America, especially in the spring. The third cluster contained species whose associations with positive ALAN trends remained high across the annual cycle, peaking during migration, especially in the spring. These species occurred in southeastern North America during the breeding season where they were associated with high ALAN levels, and in northern South America during the nonbreeding season where they were associated with low ALAN levels. Our findings suggest reversing ALAN trends in Central America during migration, especially in the spring, would benefit the most individuals of the greatest number of species. Reversing ALAN trends in southeastern North America during the breeding season and Central America during the nonbreeding season would generate the greatest benefits outside of migration.

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The effects of artificial light at night on Eurasian tree sparrow (Passer montanus): Behavioral rhythm disruption, melatonin suppression and intestinal microbiota alterations

Cited by 37 publications

References 56 publications

Light Pollution, Circadian Photoreception, and Melatonin in Vertebrates

Light Pollution, Circadian Photoreception, and Melatonin in Vertebrates

Artificial Light at Night (ALAN): A Potential Anthropogenic Component for the COVID-19 and HCoVs Outbreak

Seasonal associations with light pollution trends for nocturnally migrating bird populations

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