The Effects of Austenitizing Conditions on the Microstructure and Wear Resistance of a Centrifugally Cast High-Speed Steel Roll

Kang, Moon Gi; Lee, Young Kook

doi:10.1007/s11661-016-3536-1

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The carbide at Spot 3 which mainly consisted of Mo and Fe was M 6 C (Fe 2 Mo 4 C), while the carbide at Spot 4 with an increased content of Mo was M 2 C (Mo 2 C). As previously reported by other researchers [32,33,34], metastable M 2 C carbide is decomposed and converted during the heating and deformation process as follows: M 2 C + matrix → M 6 C + MC. The transformation starts on the boundary between the carbides and the matrix, and then grows towards the inner region.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 62%

Gleeble-Simulated and Semi-Industrial Studies on the Microstructure Evolution of Fe-Co-Cr-Mo-W-V-C Alloy during Hot Deformation

Luo

Guo

et al. 2018

Materials

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Fe-Co-Cr-Mo-W-V-C alloy is one of the most important materials for manufacturing drills, dies, and other cutting tools owing to its excellent hardness. However, it is prone to cracking due to its poor hot ductility during continuous hot working processes. In this investigation, the microstructure characteristics and carbide transformations of the alloy in as-cast and wrought states are studied, respectively. Microstructural observation and first-principles calculation were conducted on the research of types and mechanical properties of carbides. The results reveal that carbides in as-cast Fe-Co-Cr-Mo-W-V-C alloy are mainly Mo2C, VC, and Cr-rich carbides (Cr7C3 and Cr23C6). The carbides in wrought Fe-Co-Cr-Mo-W-V-C alloy consist of Fe2Mo4C, VC, Cr7C3, and a small amount of retained Mo2C. For these carbides, Cr7C3 presents the maximum bulk modulus and B/G values of 316.6 GPa and 2.48, indicating Cr7C3 has the strongest ability to resist the external force and crack initiation. VC presents the maximum shear modulus and Yong’s modulus values of 187.3 GPa and 465.3 GPa, which means VC can be considered as a potential hard material. Hot isothermal compression tests were performed using a Gleeble-3500 device to simulate the flow behavior of the alloy during hot deformation. As-cast specimens were uniaxially compressed to a 70% height reduction over the temperature range of 1323–1423 K and strain rates of 0.05–1 s−1. A constitutive equation was established to characterize the relationship of peak true stress, strain rate, and deformation temperature of the alloy. The calculated results were in a good agreement with the experimental data. In order to study the texture evolution, the microstructures of the deformed specimens were observed, and an optimal deformation temperature was selected. Using the laboratorial optimal temperature (1373 K) in forging of an industrial billet resulted in uniform grains, with the largest size of 17 µm, surrounded by homogenous spherical carbides.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 62%

Gleeble-Simulated and Semi-Industrial Studies on the Microstructure Evolution of Fe-Co-Cr-Mo-W-V-C Alloy during Hot Deformation

Luo

Guo

et al. 2018

Materials

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“…The presence of M 6 C, V(C,N), and M 7 C 3 was detected in M42 and M42-N specimens after annealing, while M 2 C-type carbides were also detected in conventional high-speed steel. This phenomenon could be explained by the fact that the carbide transformation (M 2 C + matrix → M 6 C + MC) starts at the interface between the matrix and the M 2 C particles, and moves towards the centre of the carbide 18 , 23 . Hence, the lamellar carbides decompose incompletely, and M 2 C remains in the centre of the carbide particles.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Nitrogen Content on the Carbide Transformation of AISI M42 High-Speed Steels during Annealing

Luo

Guo

Sun

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Attempts were made to elucidate the effect of nitrogen on primary eutectic carbides in as-cast and annealed AISI M42 high-speed steel. Particular emphasis was placed on the transformation of carbides during forging and annealing in steels with different nitrogen concentrations and the influence of final carbides on the impact toughness of the steel. Microstructural observation, electrolytic extraction method, X-ray diffraction analysis, automated inclusion analysis (INCASteel), and impact toughness measurement combined with fractographic observation were conducted on the specimens. Primary M2C carbides were found to be dominant precipitates in the as-cast ingot, with a certain amount of V(C,N). Nitrogen addition promoted the formation of fibrous M2C, whereas lamellar M2C predominated in M42 steel with a low nitrogen concentration (w[N]% = 0.006). Fibrous carbides M2C tend to decompose into more stable carbides M6C and MC during forging and annealing compared to lamellar M2C. Nitrogen alloying only affected the morphologies and dimensions of carbides, but did not change the types of carbides. These improvements in the dimensions and fractions of carbides naturally increased the impact toughness of annealed steel. Hence, it was suggested that the addition of nitrogen to AISI M42 high-speed steel was required to achieve homogeneous distribution of carbides and sufficient impact toughness.

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“…Recently, high-speed steel rolls have been used for hot mill work rolls by increasing their carbon and vanadium contents, and were found suitable as replacement for high chromium white cast iron and high Ni-Cr infinite chill iron rolls [1,2]. However, high-speed steel rolls contain many cost alloy elements, such as tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium, niobium, cobalt, etc., which incurs higher production cost and restricts the application of high-speed steel rolls [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Quenching Process on Microstructure and performance of High-Boron High-Speed Steel

Yang

Cheng

et al. 2019

Matéria (Rio J.)

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The effects of quenching process on microstructure and hardness of High-Boron High-Speed Steel (HB-HSS) containing 0.4%C-6.0%Cr-4.0%Mo-1.0%V-1.0%Si-0.5Mn-x%B-y%Al (x=1.0, 1.5, 2.0, y=1.0, 2.0, 3.0) were investigated by means of optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Rockwell hardness tester. The experimental results indicate that the quenching microstructure of HB-HSS consists of α-Fe, M 2 (B, C), M 7 (B, C) 3 and a few of M 23 (C, B) 6 。With the increase of quenching temperature, the net structure of borocarbides is damaged and the borocarbides are evenly distributed in the matrix. When the quenching temperature is 1050 °C, the Rockwell hardness of HB-HSS increases with the increase of boron content. The Rockwell hardness of HB-HSS decreases with the increase of aluminum content. When the quenching temperature is 1050 °C, the aluminum content is 1.0% and boron content is 1.0%-2.0%, the combination of the microstructure and the hardness of HB-HSS is the best.

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The Effects of Austenitizing Conditions on the Microstructure and Wear Resistance of a Centrifugally Cast High-Speed Steel Roll

Cited by 16 publications

References 22 publications

Gleeble-Simulated and Semi-Industrial Studies on the Microstructure Evolution of Fe-Co-Cr-Mo-W-V-C Alloy during Hot Deformation

Gleeble-Simulated and Semi-Industrial Studies on the Microstructure Evolution of Fe-Co-Cr-Mo-W-V-C Alloy during Hot Deformation

Influence of the Nitrogen Content on the Carbide Transformation of AISI M42 High-Speed Steels during Annealing

Effect of Quenching Process on Microstructure and performance of High-Boron High-Speed Steel

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