The Effects of Biochar and Compost on Different Cultivars of Shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.) Growth and Nutrient Uptake in Sandy Soil Under Saline Water

Abstract

High salinity irrigation will cause nutrient uptake and shallot growth to deplete due to its sensitivity to salinity. This research aimed to investigate the effect of biochar and compost on shallot growth and nutrient uptake in sandy soil like Entisol when irrigated using salty water. This research carried out some pot experiments and put on the field using a completely randomized design. The first factor was based on the amendment with control of 20 tons ha<sup>-1</sup> of Biochar, 10 tons ha<sup>-1</sup> of compost, and a mixture of 10 tons ha<sup>-1</sup> biochar and 5 tons ha<sup>-1</sup> of compost; the second factor was composed of 3 shallot cultivars (Brebes, Pemalang, and Purbalingga). Each pot was filled with 15 kg of soil; the pot 30 cm in diameter, incubated with saline water and irrigated by 2 dS m<sup>-1</sup>. The results show that irrigation with ground saline water causes Entisol to increase exchangable Na, Ece and SAR, decrease exchangeable Ca and Mg. The application of all treatments decreased SAR. The application of compost significantly increased N and K uptake but made soil pH, EC, and SAR to decrease while fresh weight and dry weight of bulb in Brebes cultivars increased. The combination of biochar with 5 tons ha<sup>-1</sup> of compost produced the highest yield on plant height and number of tuber in Pemalang cultivars and had the largest tuber diameter in Purbalingga cultivars. There is an interaction between amendment and cultivar on plant height, fresh weight of tuber (P<0.01), dry weight of tuber (P<0.01).

Mycorrhizae and a soil ameliorant on improving the characteristics of sandy soil

“…The application of mycorrhizae and cow dung-biochar significantly reduced the ESP value by a decrease of 66% compared to the control (Table 3). This is in line with the finding of (Rahayu, Syamsiyah, et al, 2019), that biochar and compost can reduce soil salinity levels. Mycorrhizae play an important role in reducing the stress of their host plants in stressful environments, including high levels of soil salinity (Barin et al, 2013).…”

Improving the chemical quality of sandy-textured soil and shallot (Allium cepa L.) yields using biochar and clay

“…Studi-studi sebelumnya hanya mengkaji pengaruh biochar dan kompos terhadap perbedaan kultivar bawang merah dan pertumbuhan serta serapan haranya pada tanah berpasir (Rahayu et al, 2019), implikasi penggunaan biochar dan N terhadap pertumbuhan bawang merah (Abdarah et al, 2021), efek pemberian biochar dan eco-enzym pada pertumbuhan dan hasil bawang merah (Jaya et al, 2021), dampak aplikasi biochar dan pupuk NPK pada tanah Vertisols dan hasil bawang merah (Oswaldus et al, 2022). Oleh sebab itu, studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan biochar sekam padi dan tanah liat terhadap peningkatan kualitas kimia tanah bertekstur pasir dan hasil tanaman bawang merah, yang dipandang berbeda dengan kajian terdahulu.…”

The Response of Shallot (Allium ascalonicum) to Salinity Stress

“…Salinization occurs due to an increase in soluble salts (NaCl, Na2CO3, Na2SO4) in the soil (Ma'ruf, 2016;Rachman et al, 2018;Rahayu et al, 2019). Salinity stress can suppress growth and reduce plant yields, especially in plants belonging to the glycophyte group or which are sensitive to salinity stress (Purwaningrahayu & Taufiq, 2017).…”

“…The expansion of shallot cultivation areas began to penetrate land near the coast. However, the problem faced by farmers in shallot cultivation is the entry of seawater into irrigation canals which causes the land to experience salinity stress (Rahayu et al, 2019).…”