The effects of birth spacing on early childhood development in high-income nations: A systematic review

Dhamrait, Gursimran; Fletcher, Tess; Foo, Damien; Taylor, Catherine L.; Pereira, Gavin

doi:10.3389/fped.2022.851700

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 77 publications

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“…This has been found in some studies (Buckles & Munnich, 2012;Karwath et al, 2014), but opposite patterns have also been reported, with the age gap being negatively correlated to cognitive outcomes (Gurgand et al, 2022;;non-significant trend in Havron et al, 2019). Mixed findings have also been reported in a systematic review (Dhamrait et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Sibling effects on Numeracy and Literacy achievement: Evidence from Two Large French Cohorts

Gurgand¹,

Peyre²,

Écalle³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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We studied the effect of the number and characteristics of siblings (sex and age), on school achievement in numeracy and literacy from kindergarten to 5th grade, in two large French cohorts (the Elfe cohort, more than 4,400 children, and the DEPP panel, more than 9,500 children). Running linear mixed effects models, we find that, independently of socio-economic status, having more siblings is always negatively associated with school achievement. This is the case for both older and younger siblings, and for brothers and sisters. Our results are in line with the resource dilution model (i.e., in families with more children there are fewer resources available per child) and do not support the confluence model (i.e., a child’s intellectual environment is influenced by the average intellectual ability in the family), since for example, the association between the number of siblings and the achievement score is more negative for older than for younger siblings. We also find that these negative effects are partly mediated by parental interactions, once again supporting the resource-dilution hypothesis. Finally, although the association between the number of siblings and achievement scores is not moderated by the language spoken by the parents, it is moderated by the family income, with a less negative association in wealthier families.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Sibling effects on Numeracy and Literacy achievement: Evidence from Two Large French Cohorts

Gurgand¹,

Peyre²,

Écalle³

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Sibling Effects on School Achievement: Evidence From Two Large French Cohorts

Gurgand,

Peyre,

Ecalle

et al. 2024

Mind Brain and Education

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We studied the effect of the number and characteristics of siblings (sex, age) on school achievement in several grades (kindergarten, first grade, and fifth grade), in two large French cohorts, with more than 16,000 children. Running linear mixed‐effects models, we find that, independently of socioeconomic status, having more siblings is negatively associated with school achievement. We found a stronger negative association between the number of siblings and the achievement in older compared to younger siblings. This finding is in line with the resource dilution model, where families with more children have fewer resources available per child, but contradicts the confluence model (i.e., a child's intellectual ability is influenced by the average intellectual ability in the family). The negative association between the number of siblings and achievement was moderated by family income, with weaker effects in wealthier families.

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Associations Between Postnatal Pollution Exposures, 24‐h Movement Behaviours, and Motor Development Outcomes Among Children (0–12 Years Old): A Systematic Review

Maddren,

Dhamrait,

Elliott

et al. 2024

Indoor Air

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Background: Little is known about how exposure to different types of pollution is associated with motor development in children or how pollution may be related to time spent in physical activity, sedentary behaviour—including screen time, and sleep. The purpose of this study was to review the evidence on these associations, especially in light of the World Health Organization (WHO) Guidelines for these behaviours.Methods: We searched eight electronic databases: CINAHL, Embase, ERIC, Global Health, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science, from inception to May 2023. Studies that reported an association between a pollution measure (air, water, noise, or land) and at least one movement behaviour (physical activity, sleep, or sedentary time) or motor development outcome (fine or gross motor) among apparently healthy children from birth to 12 years were included. Eligibility of the studies was assessed, and extracted data was based on the study design, sample characteristics, pollution type, and type of association reported.Results: The search returned 5358 studies, of which 18 were eligible for inclusion. Most studies were conducted in high‐income countries (n = 13). Studies reported measures of outdoor air (n = 7), indoor air (n = 4), land (n = 3), and noise pollution (n = 4). Findings from the review were mixed and inconsistent. Most studies reported associations between a pollution measure and motor development outcomes (n = 12), followed by sleep (n = 5) and physical activity and sedentary behaviour (n = 1).Conclusions: There is limited evidence regarding associations between pollution measures, 24‐h movement behaviours, and motor development. Future research should pay more attention to postnatal exposure to different types of pollution and its impact on healthy levels of physical activity, sedentary behaviour, sleep, and motor development and consider confounders such as geographic location, weather conditions, and country income level.Trial Registration: PROSPERO: CRD42022340130.

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The effects of birth spacing on early childhood development in high-income nations: A systematic review

Cited by 3 publications

References 77 publications

Sibling effects on Numeracy and Literacy achievement: Evidence from Two Large French Cohorts

Sibling effects on Numeracy and Literacy achievement: Evidence from Two Large French Cohorts

Sibling Effects on School Achievement: Evidence From Two Large French Cohorts

Associations Between Postnatal Pollution Exposures, 24‐h Movement Behaviours, and Motor Development Outcomes Among Children (0–12 Years Old): A Systematic Review

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