The effects of bolus supplementation of branched-chain amino acids on skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function in patients with rheumatic disorders during glucocorticoid treatment

Yoshikawa, Noritada; Shimizu, Noriaki; Uehara, Masaaki; Oda, Akiko; Matsumiya, Ryo; Matsubara, Erika; Kobayashi, Hiroshi; Hosono, Osamu; Kuribara-Souta, Akiko; Baba, Hiroyuki; Nagamura, Fumitaka; Kiryu, Shigeru; Tanaka, Hirotoshi

doi:10.1080/14397595.2016.1213480

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Notably, the daily GC dose decreased significantly between the start and end of the study, from 17.96 7.5 to 13.56 3.4 (p, 0.05) and 18.06 4.8 to 13.96 3.3 mg (p, 0.05) for both the BCAA2 and BCAA1 groups, respectively, at the start and end of the study. The decrease in GC dose was similar between the two groups (Supplemental Online Material, Table S1) (7). Muscle CSA in the biceps femoris muscle improved significantly after 12 wk in both groups.…”

Section: Patient Profiles and Thigh Muscle Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…Subjects. The study cohort included patients with rheumatic disorders, age $20 y, taking or planning to take prednisolone ($10 mg/d) for at least 3 mo, and who were regularly followed in the Department of Rheumatology and Allergy at IMSUT Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo (7). Patients were diagnosed by three rheumatologists who were certified by the Japan College of Rheumatology board in our department.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Trial design (7). This phase I-II, open label, randomized, parallel group clinical trial was performed in 18 subjects on an ordinary diet with or without additional BCAA supplementation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CT acquisition and analysis (7). To evaluate the skeletal muscle cross-sectional area (CSA), a transverse CT scan of the thigh halfway between the head of the femur and the knee joint space was performed using a LightSpeed Ultra CT scanner (GE Healthcare Japan, Tokyo, Japan).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although GCs are important in the treatment of many inflammatory diseases, long-term GC treatment can induce skeletal muscle atrophy (3,4). We have shown that GCs decrease muscle protein synthesis while simultaneously promoting protein degradation by inhibiting the mammalian mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR)/S6 kinase 1 pathway and regulating the expression of various muscle-atrophy-related genes (5)(6)(7). mTOR-activating branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) are potential therapeutic candidates for reducing GC-induced myopathy (5).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Amino Acid Profile in 18 Patients with Rheumatic Diseases Treated with Glucocorticoids and BCAAs

Yoshikawa

Yamamoto

Kuribara-Souta

et al. 2021

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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The administration of glucocorticoids to patients with rheumatic diseases often results in glucocorticoid-induced myopathy. We previously found that administration of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) to such patients improves the loss of skeletal muscle, however, their individual differences were often observed. The present study, therefore, aims to identify specific parameters associated with BCAA-induced increases in skeletal muscle mass. Eighteen patients with rheumatic diseases treated with prednisolone were randomly assigned to receive additional BCAAs for 12 wk. Serum biochemistry, plasma fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 19 and 21, and plasma and urinary amino acid concentrations were assessed. The relationship between these parameters and the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the biceps femoris (slow-twitch muscle) and rectus femoris (fast-twitch muscle) was assessed using computed tomography. BCAA supplementation increased serum levels of creatinine and albumin and decreased ammonia and urinary 3-methylhistidine levels. With or without BCAA supplementation, each plasma amino acid concentration decreased during the study period, but the decrease was lower in patients receiving BCAA. Interestingly, a positive correlation was observed between plasma isoleucine, aspartate, and glutamate concentrations and improvement in the biceps femoris muscle atrophy. Plasma amino acid concentrations in patients with rheumatic diseases treated with glucocorticoids decreased despite tapering the dose of glucocorticoids, with a smaller decrease in the BCAAtreated group. Plasma BCAA, aspartic acid, and glutamate concentrations correlated positively with the rate of improvement in biceps femoris muscle atrophy, suggesting that these amino acids are associated with the BCAA-induced increase in muscle mass.

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Section: Patient Profiles and Thigh Muscle Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Trial design (7). This phase I-II, open label, randomized, parallel group clinical trial was performed in 18 subjects on an ordinary diet with or without additional BCAA supplementation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Amino Acid Profile in 18 Patients with Rheumatic Diseases Treated with Glucocorticoids and BCAAs

Yoshikawa

Yamamoto

Kuribara-Souta

et al. 2021

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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Glycine increases fat‐free mass in malnourished haemodialysis patients: a randomized double‐blind crossover trial

Genton

Teta

Pruijm

et al. 2021

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

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Background Protein energy wasting is associated with negative outcome in patients under chronic haemodialysis (HD). Branched‐chain amino acids (BCAAs) may increase the muscle mass. This post hoc analysis of a controlled double‐blind randomized crossover study assessed the impact of BCAAs on nutritional status, physical function, and quality of life. Methods We included 36 chronic HD patient features of protein energy wasting as plasma albumin <38 g/L, and dietary intakes <30 kcal/kg/day and <1 g protein/kg/day. Patients received either oral BCAA (2 × 7 g/day) or glycine (2 × 7 g/day) for 4 months (Period 1), followed by a washout period of 1 month, and then received the opposite supplement (Period 2). The outcomes were lean body mass measured by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry, fat‐free mass index measured by bioelectrical impedance, resting energy expenditure, dietary intake and appetite rating, physical activity and function, quality of life, and blood parameters. Analyses were performed by multiple mixed linear regressions including type of supplementation, months, period, sex, and age as fixed effects and subjects as random intercepts. Results Twenty‐seven patients (61.2 ± 13.7 years, 41% women) were compliant to the supplementations (consumption >80% of packs) and completed the study. BCAA did not affect lean body mass index and body weight, but significantly decreased fat‐free mass index, as compared with glycine (coeff −0.27, 95% confidence interval −0.43 to −0.10, P = 0.002, respectively). BCAA and glycine intake had no effect on the other clinical parameters, blood chemistry tests, or plasma amino acids. Conclusions Branched‐chain amino acid did not improve lean body mass as compared with glycine. Unexpectedly, glycine improved fat‐free mass index in HD patients, as compared with BCAA. Whether long‐term supplementation with glycine improves the clinical outcome remains to be demonstrated.

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Effects of exercise in patients with connective tissue disease receiving high-dose glucocorticoids: A pilot prospective cohort study

et al. 2021

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The effects of bolus supplementation of branched-chain amino acids on skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function in patients with rheumatic disorders during glucocorticoid treatment

Abstract: This trial is the first-in-man clinical trial to demonstrate that BCAA supplementation might be safe and, at least in part, improve skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function in patients with rheumatic disorders treated with GC.

Cited by 11 publications

References 46 publications

Amino Acid Profile in 18 Patients with Rheumatic Diseases Treated with Glucocorticoids and BCAAs

Amino Acid Profile in 18 Patients with Rheumatic Diseases Treated with Glucocorticoids and BCAAs

Glycine increases fat‐free mass in malnourished haemodialysis patients: a randomized double‐blind crossover trial

Effects of exercise in patients with connective tissue disease receiving high-dose glucocorticoids: A pilot prospective cohort study

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