The effects of chromium supplementation on lipidprofile in humans: A systematic review and meta-analysis ofrandomized controlled trials

Tarrahi, M J; Rafiee, Masoumeh; Mansourian, Marjan

doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105308

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…The effect of Cr (III) on serum lipids that was encountered in the current study including decrease in non HDL cholesterol level and increase in HDL cholesterol level is agreeing with some studies talking about this point (Jain et al 2006) while Balk et al found that there is no effect of Cr (III) on serum lipids of non-diabetic subjects (Balk et al 2007) and Tarrahi et al found no effect of Cr (III) on LDL level but it lowered total cholesterol, triglycerides and vLDL (Tarrahi et al 2021). Cr (III) would be beneficial for treating dyslipidemia present in RA that gives rise to premature atherosclerosis in the disease (Arias de la Rosa et al 2018), as what happened when Cr (III) was tested for prevention of atherosclerosis in diabetes (Qi et al 2020).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Trivalent chromium supplementation ameliorates adjuvant induced rheumatoid arthritis through up-regulation of FOXP3 and decrease in synovial Cathepsin G expression

et al. 2022

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Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a known debilitating autoimmune disease. Immune-suppressants that are used for disease treatment have serious side effects, therefore, trivalent chromium (Cr (III)); which has shown evidence of its influences on some inflammatory pathways and cytokines; was used in this study for the first time to be assessed for its therapeutic effect in RA rat model and was compared to prednisolone in a trial to find a treatment with lesser side effects. Methods Adult male albino rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal, untreated RA, prednisolone treated RA (1.25 mg/kg/day) and Cr (III) treated RA groups (80 μg/kg/day), induction of RA was done by subcutaneous complete Freund adjuvant injection. Study duration was 4 weeks throughout which arthritis scoring and weight measurement were pursued. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical FOXP3 assessment were done for joint biopsies. Serum inflammatory markers (interleukin 17, interleukin 10, CRP) and synovial erosive arthritis marker (Cathepsin G) were measured. HDL and non-HDL cholesterol were estimated as well. Results Cr (III) treatment showed marked clinical and histopathological improvement, also astonishing anti-inflammatory effects (increase in FOXP3 expression and interleukin 10, with decrease in interleukin 17, CRP and synovial Cathepsin G) to the extent that Cr (III) effects on inflammation abolishment were comparable to that of prednisolone and even better at some aspects. Moreover, Cr (III) was protective from side effects, i.e., weight gain and dyslipidemia that were seen with prednisolone treatment. Conclusions Cr (III) is promising in treating RA and it lacks some side effects of accustomed immune-modulatory agents including prednisolone. Further experimental studies and clinical trials should be held to see the efficacy of Cr (III) in different doses and to assess its long term side effects when used for rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases treatment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Trivalent chromium supplementation ameliorates adjuvant induced rheumatoid arthritis through up-regulation of FOXP3 and decrease in synovial Cathepsin G expression

et al. 2022

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“…Different living habits are also sources of heavy metal pollution, such as smoking and eating raw meat [9][10][11][12]. Chromium (III), Fe and Zn are essential trace elements in humans and they promote lipid metabolism in vivo [13,14]. Supplementation with these elements reduced HDL-C concentrations and improved dyslipidemia in rats [15].…”

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confidence: 99%

Association between combined exposure to plasma heavy metals and dyslipidemia in a chinese population

et al. 2022

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Background Exposure to heavy metals in the environment is widespread, while the relationship between combined exposure to heavy metals and dyslipidemia is unclear. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed, and 3544 participants aged 30 years or older were included in the analyses. Heavy metal concentrations in plasma were based on inductively coupled plasma‒mass spectrometry. The relationship between heavy metals and dyslipidemia was estimated by logistic regression. BKMR was used to evaluate metal mixtures and their potential interactions. Results In logistic regression analysis, participants in the fourth quartile of Fe and Zn (Fe > 1352.38 µg/L; Zn > 4401.42 µg/L) had a relatively higher risk of dyslipidemia (Fe, OR = 1.13, 95% CI: 0.92,1.38; Zn, OR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.03,1.64). After sex stratification, females in the third quartile of plasma Zn (1062.05-4401.42 µg/L) had a higher relative risk of dyslipidemia (OR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.28, 2.38). In BKMR analysis, metal mixtures were negatively associated with dyslipidemia in females when all metal concentrations were above the 50th percentile. In the total population (estimated from 0.030 to 0.031), As was positively associated with dyslipidemia when other metals were controlled at the 25th, 50th, or 75th percentile, respectively, and As was below the 75th percentile. In females (estimated from − 0.037 to -0.031), Zn was negatively associated with dyslipidemia when it was above the 50th percentile. Conclusion This study indicated that As was positively associated with dyslipidemia and that Zn may be negatively associated with dyslipidemia in females. Combined metal exposure was negatively associated with dyslipidemia in females. Females with low plasma Zn levels are more likely to develop dyslipidemia and should receive more clinical attention in this population.

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“…A possible explanation for this is that IR might be associated with increased cholesterol metabolism, as was described in liver cells [89], with the same occurring in LCs, as they are capable of carrying out cholesterol biosynthesis [90]. A meta-analysis discussed the fact that CrPic 3 is important for the lowering of cholesterol levels in the blood, showing that it may play a role in regulating the cellular lipid profile [91]. With the accumulation of cholesterol, CrPic 3 may induce its utilization in LC steroidogenesis by mechanisms not yet characterized.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Impact of Chromium Picolinate on Leydig Cell Steroidogenesis and Antioxidant Balance Using an In Vitro Insulin Resistance Model

Moreira,

Martins,

Ferreira

et al. 2023

Antioxidants

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Leydig cells (LCs) play a pivotal role in male fertility, producing testosterone. Chromium (III) picolinate (CrPic3), a contentious supplement with antidiabetic and antioxidant properties, raises concerns regarding male fertility. Using a rodent LC line, we investigated the cytotoxicity of increasing CrPic3 doses. An insulin resistance (IR) model was established using palmitate (PA), and LCs were further exposed to CrPic3 to assess its antioxidant/antidiabetic activities. An exometabolome analysis was performed using 1H-NMR. Mitochondrial function and oxidative stress were evaluated via immunoblot. Steroidogenesis was assessed by quantifying androstenedione through ELISA. Our results uncover the toxic effects of CrPic3 on LCs even at low doses under IR conditions. Furthermore, even under these IR conditions, CrPic3 fails to enhance glucose consumption but restores the expression of mitochondrial complexes CII and CIII, alleviating oxidative stress in LCs. While baseline androgen production remained unaffected, CrPic3 promoted androstenedione production in LCs in the presence of PA, suggesting that it promotes cholesterol conversion into androgenic intermediates in this context. This study highlights the need for caution with CrPic3 even at lower doses. It provides valuable insights into the intricate factors influencing LCs metabolism and antioxidant defenses, shedding light on potential benefits and risks of CrPic3, particularly in IR conditions.

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The effects of chromium supplementation on lipidprofile in humans: A systematic review and meta-analysis ofrandomized controlled trials

Cited by 15 publications

References 62 publications

Trivalent chromium supplementation ameliorates adjuvant induced rheumatoid arthritis through up-regulation of FOXP3 and decrease in synovial Cathepsin G expression

Trivalent chromium supplementation ameliorates adjuvant induced rheumatoid arthritis through up-regulation of FOXP3 and decrease in synovial Cathepsin G expression

Association between combined exposure to plasma heavy metals and dyslipidemia in a chinese population

Impact of Chromium Picolinate on Leydig Cell Steroidogenesis and Antioxidant Balance Using an In Vitro Insulin Resistance Model

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