The effects of composition, structure and age on the torsional properties of the human radius

Burr, David B.; Martin, R. Bruce

doi:10.1016/0021-9290(83)90110-0

Cited by 60 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…BMDt, trabecular bone mineral density; C-th cortical thickness (threshold 0.93 cm -1 ); Im, moment of inertia (threshold 0.93 cm -1 ); Ip, polar moment of inertia (threshold 0.93 cm -1 ). endosteal surfaces at a more rapid rate than it is gained in the periosteal surfaces, thus leading to a net reduction of as much as 30-50% in bone thickness [18]. This study has shown that both densitometric and architectural properties of the distal radius are clearly different between healthy postmenopausal and osteoporotic postmenopausal women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

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Estimation of the Architectural Properties of Cortical Bone Using Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography

Hasegawa

Schneider

Reiners

et al. 2000

Osteoporosis International

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We assessed the volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) and cross-sectional architecture of cortical bone at the distal radius by peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT). The volumetric bone mineral density [integral bone mineral density (BMDi), trabecular bone mineral density (BMDt) and cortical with subcortical bone mineral density (BMDsc)] and the architectural parameters [cortical bone area (CBA), cortical thickness (C-th), moment of inertia (Im) and polar moment of inertia (Ip)] were measured in 115 healthy premenopausal women, 48 osteoporotic postmenopausal women and 78 age-matched healthy postmenopausal women. Age-matched healthy women had higher values of vBMD and architectural parameters at the distal radius than osteoporotic women. Premenopausal women had higher values of vBMD and architectural parameters at the distal radius than postmenopausal women. The differences in the architectural parameters between age-matched healthy women and osteoporotic women were more pronounced when only the high density area (threshold 0.70 cm(-1)) was included. However, the differences in architectural parameters between premenopausal women and postmenopausal women were significant using even the lowest threshold value of 0.50 cm(-1) in the calculation. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed and the areas under the curves calculated to evaluate the discriminating power of vBMD and architectural parameters. Comparison of the different ROC curves showed no statistical significance. In conclusion, our results suggest that both the density and mass distribution of the radius were clearly different between the healthy women and osteoporotic women. The differences in architectural parameters were more useful for studying the pathophysiology of osteoporosis than for contributing to the diagnosis. Determination of the cross-sectional mass distribution of bone combined with BMD should offer more information than BMD alone in the study of the pathophysiology of osteoporosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…However, the occurrence of fracture is not dependent on bone mass and density alone; bone structure and architecture also contribute to the integrity of the skeleton [3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of the Architectural Properties of Cortical Bone Using Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography

Hasegawa

Schneider

Reiners

et al. 2000

Osteoporosis International

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“…The apparent preservation of the cross-sectional area in our female patients in comparison with the controls may actually reflect a known, although recently questioned [25], gender-specificity in bone physiology: the relatively diminished capacity in women to expand bones in response to a reduction in the quality of bone material [26,27]. If this view is correct, a pathogenetic event impairing the outward bone expansion at the periosteal envelope would produce a less evident effect in females only because they are physiologically less capable to cope with the age-dependent decrease in bone material quality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Volumetric Bone Density and Geometry Assessed by Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography in Uremic Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis

Russo

Taccetti

Caneva

et al. 1998

Osteoporosis International

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The aim of this study was to establish, by means of peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) at the distal radius, the existence of cortical and/or trabecular osteopenia, and to assess the integrity of bone geometry in uremic patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. Our results show a clearcut selective reduction in volumetric cortical density, more evident in women (p = -0.0001) than men (p = 0.030), which appears to be independent of age and menopausal status. Trabecular density was not significantly changed in either sex. Cortical density of the patients correlated inversely with age (p = 0.003), duration of dialysis (p = 0.002) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels (p = 0.03). Trabecular density correlated only with age. Normally, cortical density is age-dependent and its reduction is accompanied by compensatory geometry changes. Compared with control subjects, in our female patients both cortical area and cortical thickness were reduced (p = 0.02 and 0.008), while cross-sectional area did not change (p = 0.67). Conversely, in the males only cross-sectional area was reduced (p = 0.02). In conclusion, in uremic patients we observed a selective cortical osteopenia, more evident in the female sex, and a sex-specific pattern of geometry impairment, with resultant apparent increased bone fragility in the uremic women. We suggest that the prolonged PTH excess could be responsible, directly and/or interacting with estrogen deficiency.

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“…Duncan et al (2002aDuncan et al ( , 2002b found the medullary cavity cross-sectional areas in femurs to be wider in athletes exposed to low rather than high-load sports, a structural difference that would enhance the mechanical strength of bone. An increase in bone width is an adaptation in bone remodeling to compensate for mineral loss with age and maintain strength in the human radius (Burr and Martin 1983).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ulnar and tibial bending stiffness as an index of bone strength in synchronized swimmers and gymnasts

et al. 2005

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The purpose of this study is to compare a mechanical property of bone in world-class female athletes with different loading histories. Bone bending stiffness or EI (E is the modulus of elasticity and I, the moment of inertia) was measured noninvasively with the mechanical response tissue analyzer, that analyzes the response of bone to a vibratory stimulus. We evaluated the ulna, ulnar width, wrist density and tibia in 13 synchronized swimmers (SYN), eight gymnasts (GYM) and 16 untrained women (UNT) of similar age. Muscle strength in the flexors and extensors at elbows and knees was measured in the athletes. SYN were taller than GYM or UNT (168 +/- 0.7 vs. 152 +/- 1.1 or 157 +/- 1.2 cm, P < 0.01). Ulnar EI, Nm(2), was similar in SYN and GYM (41 +/- 5.4 vs. 42 +/- 4.2, NS) and 50% higher than in UNT (27 +/- 2.1, P < 0.05). Ulnar EI, Nm(2) was related to ulnar width (r = 0.497, P < 0.002, n = 37) but not to wrist density. Tibial EI, Nm(2), in SYN and GYM (270 +/- 42 vs. 285 +/- 49, NS) was similar and more than twice as high as in UNT (119 +/- 6; p < 0.05). Knee flexor strength measured at 60 degrees s(-1) and elbow extensor strength at 200 degrees s(-1) correlated with tibial EI (r = 0.44 and 0.41, P < 0.05). In spite of different loading histories, the tibiae and ulnas of world-class athletes showed similar high values for bending stiffness that exceeded values in untrained women. EI in the ulna could be related to bone width and in the tibia, to muscle strength.

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The effects of composition, structure and age on the torsional properties of the human radius

Cited by 60 publications

References 19 publications

Estimation of the Architectural Properties of Cortical Bone Using Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography

Estimation of the Architectural Properties of Cortical Bone Using Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography

Volumetric Bone Density and Geometry Assessed by Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography in Uremic Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis

Ulnar and tibial bending stiffness as an index of bone strength in synchronized swimmers and gymnasts

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