The Effects of Daminozide and Gibberellic Acid on Flower Initiation, Growth and Fruiting of Apple cv Golden Delicious

Luckwill, L. C.; Silva, J. M.

doi:10.1080/00221589.1979.11514873

Cited by 53 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…Sometimes the onset of flower formation on branches with identical position (of the same age) can occur suddenly and almost simultaneously in all of them (80), and in other cases within a much longer time (66,81).…”

Section: Fruit-bearing Branchesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flower Induction and Flower Bud Development in Apple and Sweet Cherry

Koutinas

Pepelyankov

Lichev

2010

Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment

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Section: Fruit-bearing Branchesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This number is varying depending on cultivar, from 16 to 20 (55,57,62,80). The total number of appendages formed by the appearance of the sepals of the apical flower in the cluster is also specific for the cultivars and can be influenced by the ecological conditions and the ways of growing (83).…”

Section: Morphological Differentiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flower Induction and Flower Bud Development in Apple and Sweet Cherry

Koutinas

Pepelyankov

Lichev

2010

Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment

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“…In the three out of four years of study, the onset of the morphological differentiation was observed 10-11 weeks after the termination of full bloom, a period reported by other authors as well (8). There was a longer period in the year 2002, characterized by unusually early and prolonged flowering caused by the great deviations in the meteorological conditions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…The widening and slight swelling of the apex in which case it acquires a dome-like shape, is usually accepted as the first sign of the transition from the vegetative into the reproductive state of the buds (1,5,6,7,8,9). The sum total of the number of appendages by the time of the appearance of this sign, considered to be the "critical number of appendages" ("critical number of nodes "), is indicated to be an index with a high degree of stability according to years within the range of a certain cultivar (5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Differentiation of Flower Buds in Own-Rooted and Budded Apple Trees

Koutinas

Pepelyankov

Lichev

2006

Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment

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“…It has been demonstrated, for example, that in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) and citrus GAs function negatively to flower induction (Luckwill and Silva, 1979;Monselise, 1979;Tromp, 1982). On the other hand, it is reported that GAs play a positive role in the flowering of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica), although the mechanism underlying the phenomenon remains to be clarified (Nagao et al, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Functional Analysis of Two Gibberellin 20-Oxidase Genes from Satsuma Mandarin (<i>Citrus unshiu</i> Marc.)

et al. 2016

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Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) has two GA 20-oxidase genes, CuGA20ox1 and CuGA20ox2, and the genomic sequence for CuGA20ox1 is shorter than that for CuGA20ox2, although the coding region of cDNA for CuGA20ox1 is slightly longer than that for CuGA20ox2. Southern blot analysis revealed that 12 Citrus cultivars examined and trifoliate orange [Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.] have at least two types of GA 20-oxidase genes, such as CuGA20ox1 and CuGA20ox2 genes. CuGA20ox1 and CuGA20ox2 were differentially expressed in various tissues. CuGA20ox1 was expressed in almost all of the tissues investigated with relatively higher expression in vegetative than in reproductive tissues, whereas CuGA20ox2 was specifically expressed in flower buds just before anthesis. These distinct expression patterns of CuGA20ox1 and CuGA20ox2 imply that function of these two genes diverged in the process of evolution. The specific and relatively higher expression of CuGA20ox2 in flower buds would explain why GA-like activity was higher in Satsuma mandarin's ovaries at anthesis. Transgenic Arabidopsis [Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh] plants ectopically expressing CuGA20ox1 or CuGA20ox2 were examined to elucidate the function of these two Satsuma mandarin genes. Phenotypic analysis revealed that both CuGA20ox1 and CuGA20ox2 caused elongated inflorescence but did not affect the timing of flowering in transgenic Arabidopsis as compared with wild-type controls. Ectopic expression of CuGA20ox1 and CuGA20ox2 significantly affected the levels of GA 24 and GA 34 on the non-13-hydroxylation pathway; GA 24 decreased and GA 34 increased. This observation indicates that both CuGA20ox1 and CuGA20ox2 accelerated the conversion of GA 24 , a substrate of a GA 20-oxidase, to GA 9 , a precursor of an active form of GA 4 . Likewise, on the early-13-hydroxylation pathway, ectopic expression of CuGA20ox1 significantly decreased GA 19 and increased GA 29 and GA 8 , inactive metabolites of 2-hydroxylation of GA 20 and GA 1 , respectively, suggesting the activation of this biosynthetic pathway. CuGA20ox2 also had a tendency to activate the early-13-hydroxylation pathway although it increased only GA 20 with a statistically significant difference. Taken together, we concluded that CuGA20ox1 and/or CuGA20ox2 activated both the early-13-and non-13-hydroxylation pathways for increasing active GAs, resulting in elongated inflorescences in transgenic Arabidopsis.

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The Effects of Daminozide and Gibberellic Acid on Flower Initiation, Growth and Fruiting of Apple cv Golden Delicious

Cited by 53 publications

References 0 publications

Flower Induction and Flower Bud Development in Apple and Sweet Cherry

Flower Induction and Flower Bud Development in Apple and Sweet Cherry

Morphological Differentiation of Flower Buds in Own-Rooted and Budded Apple Trees

Isolation and Functional Analysis of Two Gibberellin 20-Oxidase Genes from Satsuma Mandarin (<i>Citrus unshiu</i> Marc.)

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