The Effects of Dextromethorphan on Driving Performance and the Standardized Field Sobriety Test

Perry, Paul J.; Fredriksen, Kristian; Chew, Stephanie; Ip, Eric J.; Lopes, Ingrid C.; Doroudgar, Shadi; Thomas, Kelan L.

doi:10.1111/1556-4029.12833

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…This finding supports previous reports that DM impairs short-term cognitive functions assessed by other behavioral models, including the passive avoidance test (Murata & Kwasaki, 1993) and Morris water maze test (Zhang et al, 2007;Bane et al, 1996). Similarly, in humans, 120 mg DM does not alter long-term memory in drivers (Perry et al, 2015). DM at 100-300 mg/70 kg weight creates acute impairments in the working memory of adults (Carter et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Dextromethorphan Alters Depressive and Cognitive Associated Behaviours; A Sexually Dimorphic Study

Ijomone

Biose

2018

Basic Clin. Neurosci. J.

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We investigated the sexually dimorphic effects of Dextromethorphan (DM) on cognitive and depression-like behaviors as well as on hippocampal histology in rats following acute administration. Methods: Wistar rats of both sexes were treated with 25 or 50 mg/kg of DM for 7 days via intraperitoneal injection. At the end of the administration, behavioral studies were performed on the Tail Suspension Test (TST) for depressive-like behaviors and the Y-maze for cognitive behaviors. The rats' brains were excised and processed for routine histological analysis. Results: Our results showed that DM significantly increased (P<0.05) immobility time in the TST in male rats but not female ones, and decreased percentage alternation (P<0.001) on the Y-maze in both male and female rats. Histological analysis revealed no morphological changes in the hippocampus following DM treatment. Conclusion: DM impairs cognitive functions in both male and female rats without histologic defects in the hippocampus. However, the induced depressive-like behaviors following DM administration may be sexually dependent.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Dextromethorphan Alters Depressive and Cognitive Associated Behaviours; A Sexually Dimorphic Study

Ijomone

Biose

2018

Basic Clin. Neurosci. J.

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“…47 The dosage used in this study (20mg/day) is similar to the current FDAapproved use for Pseudobulbar Affect. This dosage is below the threshold which would produce diminished driving performance (120 mg), 55 cognitive functioning defects (400 mg), 56 or hallucinogenic side effects (400mg). 57 DXM was compounded by Double Oak Mountain Pharmacy (Birmingham, AL, United States).…”

Section: Description Of Active Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Dose Dextromethorphan for the Treatment of Fibromyalgia Pain: Results from a Longitudinal, Single-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Trial

Mueller¹,

Ness²,

Younger³

2021

JPR

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Objective Fibromyalgia (FM) is a debilitating chronic pain condition with few treatment options. Central sensitization and neuroinflammation have been forwarded as models of FM pathophysiology, both of which indicate dextromethorphan (DXM) as a potential treatment. DXM is an NMDA-receptor antagonist and microglial modulator with anti-neuroinflammatory properties at low doses. It is available for clinical use but has not been tested as a treatment for FM at low dosages. This study evaluated the effectiveness of DXM in treating FM-associated symptoms. Methods In a single-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 14 women meeting the 2010 American College of Rheumatology criteria for FM received a placebo for five weeks, followed by 20 mg DXM for ten weeks, while providing daily symptom reports on a 0–100 scale. Pain and physical activity were the primary and secondary outcomes, respectively. Daily symptom ratings during the last four weeks of placebo were contrasted with ratings during the last four weeks of the active treatment using generalized estimating equations (GEE). Results DXM was well tolerated, and treatment adherence was high. Baseline pain was reduced by at least 20% in six participants. Self-reported daily pain and physical activity in the entire cohort were not significantly different between the placebo and DXM conditions, and the primary hypotheses were not supported. Exploratory analyses using the entire placebo and DXM data showed that pain was significantly lower in the DXM condition than in the placebo condition ( b =−9.933, p =0.013). Discussion A strong clinical effect of DXM was not observed at the 20mg/day dosage.

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“…It is one of the active ingredients in many over-the-counter (OTC) cold and cough medicines [1]. Cases of recreational abuse of DXM [2] have been reported in USA, Sweden, Australia, Germany, and Korea, primarily among adolescents and young adults [3]. In a study in the USA during a 2year period from 2004 and 2005, the emergency departments treated over 1,500 children for adverse effects related to OTC cough and cold medication use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Study of Adsorption Kinetics of Dextromethorphan Syrup onto Activated Charcoal in Simulated Gastric and Intestinal Fluids

Regmi

Shyaula

et al. 2017

Journal of Chemistry

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Adsorption kinetics of dextromethorphan (DXM) syrup in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids onto activated charcoal (AC) were investigated in an in vitro model. The adsorption studies were performed as a function of time, initial concentration, and temperature. The quantification of DXM adsorbed onto AC was obtained from the Langmuir adsorption isotherms using HPLC. The maximum adsorption capacities (at 95% confidence limits) of AC for DXM were 111.615 [106.38; 126.85] mg in simulated intestinal environment (pH 6.8) and 78.314 [86.206; 70.422] mg in simulated gastric environment (pH 1.2). The adsorption capacity of AC for DXM in simulated gastric fluid (pH 1.2) was not significantly different from the adoption capacity of AC for DXM in simulated intestinal fluid (pH 6.8). Moreover, the adsorption kinetics behavior of dextromethorphan onto AC followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. Our results show that AC in therapeutically acceptable doses can be beneficial in the majority of oral overdose of DXM.

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The Effects of Dextromethorphan on Driving Performance and the Standardized Field Sobriety Test

Cited by 5 publications

References 14 publications

Dextromethorphan Alters Depressive and Cognitive Associated Behaviours; A Sexually Dimorphic Study

Dextromethorphan Alters Depressive and Cognitive Associated Behaviours; A Sexually Dimorphic Study

Low-Dose Dextromethorphan for the Treatment of Fibromyalgia Pain: Results from a Longitudinal, Single-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Trial

In Vitro Study of Adsorption Kinetics of Dextromethorphan Syrup onto Activated Charcoal in Simulated Gastric and Intestinal Fluids

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