The effects of diabetes mellitus and hypertension on work productivity

Krstović-Spremo, Vesna; Račić, Maja; Joksimović, Bojan; Joksimović, Vedrana

doi:10.5644/ama2006-124.111

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The present study also showed higher levels of absenteeism, presenteeism, overall work impairment and activity impairment, after adjusting for covariates, in physically impaired older T2DM patients. These findings are in line with another study that found loss of work productivity in a quarter of patients with T2DM (mean age ¼ 55.08) and 1.5 times use of sick leave in patients with T2DM compared with patients with hypertension 39 . Other studies have shown loss of work productivity is greater in patients with T2DM who experience diabetic neuropathy compared to patients with T2DM who do not experience diabetic neuropathy 40 and that non-severe hypoglycemia is associated with lost work productivity 41 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Determinants and impact of physical impairment in patient-reported outcomes among older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Japan

Araki

Umegaki²,

Sakurai

et al. 2020

Current Medical Research and Opinion

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Objective: To investigate the predictive factors associated with physical impairment among older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Japan and to examine the potential impact of physical impairment on patient-reported health outcomes in this population. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using patient-reported data from the 2012-2014 Japan National Health and Wellness Survey. Physical impairment was measured using the Physical Component Summary (PCS) score of the Short-Form 36-Item Health Survey (SF-36) three-component model (using Japanese norms). Older T2DM patients (!65 years old; n ¼ 1511) were dichotomized into physically impaired (PCS 25th percentile; n ¼ 378) and non-physically impaired (PCS > 25th percentile; n ¼ 1133). Work productivity (absenteeism, presenteeism and overall work impairment), activity impairment and healthcare resource utilization were compared between these groups. Results: Age, female sex, low and high body mass index (BMI), diabetes-related complications, cardiovascular events, unawareness of having hypoglycemic events in the past 3 months, and lack of regular exercise were significant factors associated with physical impairment in multivariable analysis. The physically impaired group reported significantly more regular outpatient visits (13.48 vs. 10.16, respectively, p < .001), 1% or greater absenteeism (16.7% vs. 4.1%, p ¼ .005), greater presenteeism (27.8% vs. 12.2%, p ¼ .001), overall work impairment (30.0% vs. 13.0%, p ¼ .001) and overall activity impairment (39.5% vs. 17.2%, p < .001) than the non-physically-impaired group after adjusting for covariates. Conclusions: This study identified age, BMI, diabetes-related comorbidities, history of cardiovascular events and lack of exercise as key predictors associated with physical impairment in older patients with T2DM in Japan, which predicted low work productivity as well as activity impairment. This study provides support that physical impairment in patients with T2DM may lead to low work productivity and activity impairment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Determinants and impact of physical impairment in patient-reported outcomes among older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Japan

Araki

Umegaki²,

Sakurai

et al. 2020

Current Medical Research and Opinion

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“…According to the World Health Organization (WHO, 2018), NCDs are currently responsible for more than 70% deaths worldwide. Furthermore, NCDs affect quality of life (Simcoe et al, 2019) and productivity (Magliano et al, 2018), leading to an economic burden on families, communities and countries (Krstović-Spremo et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Empowerment Ladder: Understanding transition across leadership stages in individuals with type 1 diabetes and other noncommunicable diseases

Barone

Chaluppe²,

Ripoli

et al. 2021

Health Education Journal

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Background: Acceptance and adjustment to lifelong noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) pose a great challenge for individuals living with these conditions. Diabetes is one of the most prevalent NCDs, with type 1 diabetes usually diagnosed during childhood. Self-leadership is linked to internal and external factors that may motivate individuals with NCDs to play an active role as changemakers in their community or society. The Young Leaders in Diabetes (YLD) training, created to equip young people with skills that would benefit the population to which they belong, uses the Empowerment Ladder as a framework to identify their position relative to three leadership stages (self, community and society). Objective: To describe the stages and the ‘climbing’ process of the Empowerment Ladder and assess its suitability as a framework for use in a leadership training context. Method: From among 29 youth leaders who participated, 15 were selected (5 men and 10 women) and had their community engagement and activity analysed before and after training. Individuals were positioned on the Empowerment Ladder according to their past and current roles and activities. The difference between pre- and post-training test grades (delta scores) was calculated. Results: Post-training scores were significantly higher than pre-training scores (8.9 ± 0.54 vs 7.6 ± 1.08, p = .00084). Most individuals moved to a higher step on the Empowerment Ladder; however, three individuals, with delta scores lower than the median (0.1, 0.15 and 0.85) remained at their pre-YLD training level. Only one individual moved from Stage 1 (self) to Stage 3 (society). Another individual occupied two different steps at Stages 1 and 2 simultaneously because, although they demonstrated community leadership, they had not yet accepted their own health condition. Conclusion: The Empowerment Ladder proved a useful tool for identifying stages from self to broader levels of leadership in individuals living with type 1 diabetes. These initial findings need to be validated with a larger population, which includes other NCD groups.

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“…The estimated cost of diagnosed diabetes in 2012 was US$245 billion, including US$176 billion in direct medical costs and US$69 billion in reduced productivity (American Diabetes Association [ADA], 2013). Although many adults with diabetes are productive members of the workforce, loss of work productivity has been associated with the presence of diabetes (Krstovic-Spremo et al, 2014). Diabetes self-management (DSM) is a lifelong process and includes healthy nutritional habits, being physically active, taking medication, and monitoring blood glucose, with the goal of preventing both acute and chronic complications (Haas et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing Diabetes in the Workplace

McCarthy

Vorderstrasse

Yan

et al. 2020

Workplace Health Saf

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Background: Although many adults with diabetes are productive members of the workforce, loss of work productivity has been associated with diabetes. The purpose of this study was to explore the interrelationship between work-related factors and current work ability in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods: This study used a convergent mixed-method design. We assessed the relationship between work-related factors and work ability using bivariate statistics and logistic regression. Work ability was measured using the Work Ability Index and Karasek’s Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) was employed to measure job demands. Qualitative interviews ( n = 30) explored the relationship between diabetes and work. Findings: The sample ( n =101) was mostly female (65%) and White (74%). Most worked full-time (65%), had T2D (87%), an elevated glycated hemoglobin A1c ≥ 7% (56%), and were overweight (22%) or obese (68%). Only 33% of subjects self-reported their work ability as excellent. Four of the JCQ subscales (skill discretion, psychological demands, supervisor support, and coworker support), and work–life balance were significantly associated with work ability (all p < .05). In adjusted models, better coworker support (OR = 1.4; 95% CI = [1.04, 1.9]) and better work–life balance (OR = 1.3; 95% CI = [1.1, 1.5]) were associated with excellent work ability. Many stated their diabetes impacted them at work and spoke of the effects of stress. Few engaged in workplace wellness programs. Conclusion/Application to Practice: Social support and work–life balance were associated with excellent work ability. Engaging workers with diabetes in workplace educational programs may take strategic efforts by occupational health staff.

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The effects of diabetes mellitus and hypertension on work productivity

Abstract: Diabetes mellitus appears to reduce an individual's ability to work in comparison to patients with hypertension. There is a need to set up a diabetes mellitus prevention program and to develop and implement effective targeted intervention to help workers to manage their disease better.

Cited by 18 publications

References 19 publications

Determinants and impact of physical impairment in patient-reported outcomes among older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Japan

Determinants and impact of physical impairment in patient-reported outcomes among older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Japan

The Empowerment Ladder: Understanding transition across leadership stages in individuals with type 1 diabetes and other noncommunicable diseases

Managing Diabetes in the Workplace

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