The Effects of “Diet–Smoking–Gender” Three-Way Interactions on Cognitive Impairment among Chinese Older Adults

Chen, Huashuai; Zhang, Xuxi; Feng, Qiushi; Zeng, Yi

doi:10.3390/nu14102144

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…According to previous studies ( 11 , 28 – 30 ), this study applied DDS to evaluate older adults’ dietary diversity. Specific intake frequencies and scoring criteria are listed in Table 1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age and cohort trends of the impact of socioeconomic status on dietary diversity among Chinese older adults from the perspective of urban–rural differences: A prospective cohort study based on CLHLS 2002–2018

Wang

Cao

et al. 2022

Front. Nutr.

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The association between socioeconomic status (SES) and dietary diversity score (DDS) has been widely discussed, but little is known about the age and cohort effects on DDS and how the SES effect on DDS varies with age and across successive cohorts among urban and rural older adults in China. Thus, this study aimed to examine the temporal change in DDS among Chinese older adults and SES heterogeneities in such change from the perspective of urban–rural differentiation. Data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) between 2002 and 2018 were used, and a total of 13,728 participants aged between 65 and 105 years were included in this study. A total of eight food groups were used to assess DDS, while education, family income, and perceived income status were used to assess SES. A linear mixed model was used to estimate the age and cohort effects on DDS and their urban–rural and SES disparities. The results show that higher SES, including more education, family income, and perceived income status, was associated with higher DDS (for urban older adults, β = 0.1645, p = 0.0003, β = 0.2638, p < 0.0001, β = 0.2917, p < 0.0001, respectively; for rural older adults, β = 0.0932, p = 0.0080, β = 0.4063, p < 0.0001, β = 0.2921, p < 0.0001, respectively). The DDS of older adults increased with age and across successive cohorts in both urban and rural China. Moreover, we found the three-way interaction effect of SES, age, and cohort was statistically significant in both urban and rural China. Thus, living in an urban area and having higher SES are associated with higher DDS, but these associations change with age and across successive cohorts. The dietary health of earlier cohorts and rural oldest-old in China deserves more attention.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age and cohort trends of the impact of socioeconomic status on dietary diversity among Chinese older adults from the perspective of urban–rural differences: A prospective cohort study based on CLHLS 2002–2018

Wang

Cao

et al. 2022

Front. Nutr.

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“…However, regarding smoking and drinking status, the results of this study showed that individuals who smoked less and drank less frequently were more susceptible to EPs, contradicting previous studies. We attribute this discrepancy to the higher proportion of female individuals in this study, as generally, fewer Chinese females have habits of smoking and drinking in daily life (49,50). Additionally, studies have reported that acetylcholine contributes to regulating brain homeostasis and shaping synaptic neuron transmission and neurotransmitter levels (51).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Decoding emotional resilience in aging: unveiling the interplay between daily functioning and emotional health

Guo,

Xu,

et al. 2024

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundEPs pose significant challenges to individual health and quality of life, attracting attention in public health as a risk factor for diminished quality of life and healthy life expectancy in middle-aged and older adult populations. Therefore, in the context of global aging, meticulous exploration of the factors behind emotional issues becomes paramount. Whether ADL can serve as a potential marker for EPs remains unclear. This study aims to provide new evidence for ADL as an early predictor of EPs through statistical analysis and validation using machine learning algorithms.MethodsData from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) national baseline survey, comprising 9,766 samples aged 45 and above, were utilized. ADL was assessed using the BI, while the presence of EPs was evaluated based on the record of “Diagnosed with Emotional Problems by a Doctor” in CHARLS data. Statistical analyses including independent samples t-test, chi-square test, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression were conducted using SPSS 25.0. Machine learning algorithms, including Support Vector Machine (SVM), Decision Tree (DT), and Logistic Regression (LR), were implemented using Python 3.10.2.ResultsPopulation demographic analysis revealed a significantly lower average BI score of 65.044 in the “Diagnosed with Emotional Problems by a Doctor” group compared to 85.128 in the “Not diagnosed with Emotional Problems by a Doctor” group. Pearson correlation analysis indicated a significant negative correlation between ADL and EPs (r = −0.165, p < 0.001). Iterative analysis using stratified multiple linear regression across three different models demonstrated the persistent statistical significance of the negative correlation between ADL and EPs (B = −0.002, β = −0.186, t = −16.476, 95% CI = −0.002, −0.001, p = 0.000), confirming its stability. Machine learning algorithms validated our findings from statistical analysis, confirming the predictive accuracy of ADL for EPs. The area under the curve (AUC) for the three models were SVM-AUC = 0.700, DT-AUC = 0.742, and LR-AUC = 0.711. In experiments using other covariates and other covariates + BI, the overall prediction level of machine learning algorithms improved after adding BI, emphasizing the positive effect of ADL on EPs prediction.ConclusionThis study, employing various statistical methods, identified a negative correlation between ADL and EPs, with machine learning algorithms confirming this finding. Impaired ADL increases susceptibility to EPs.

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“…Many factors can attribute to such difference, for instance, males are more likely to possess unhealthy behaviors than females, including but not limited to lack of vegetables and fruits in diet and fewer physical activity. Such factors could contribute to higher prevalence of many metabolic diseases in males than females, including dyslipidemia (104)(105)(106)(107)(108). Researches showed that estrogen changes the vascular permeability by increasing nitrous oxide production which retains a healthful lipoprotein profile (109,110).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of dyslipidemia in Chinese adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Xia

Chen

et al. 2023

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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BackgroundResearchers have conducted a considerable number of epidemiological studies on dyslipidemia in China over recent years. Nevertheless, a representative study to comprehensively appraise for the epidemiological status of dyslipidemia is still lacked. This meta-analysis is intended to explore the pooled prevalence, rates of awareness, treatment, and control of dyslipidemia among adults in Chinese Mainland.Materials and methodsA systematic review was performed on relevant cross-sectional studies published since January 2012 by searching six authoritative literature databases. Meta-analyses were conducted in included studies based on a random-effect model to summarize the epidemiological status of dyslipidemia in China. A potential source of heterogeneity was detected by subgroup analysis and meta-regression. Publication bias was assessed by Egger's test and funnel plots. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to examine the study quality's influence on the pooled estimate of prevalence and rates of awareness, treatment, and control.ResultsForty-one original researches with a total of 1,310,402 Chinese participants were finally included in the meta-analysis. The prevalence, rates of awareness, treatment, and control of dyslipidemia were 42.1%, 18.2%, 11.6%, and 5.4%, respectively. With a pooled prevalence estimate at 24.5%, low HDL-C was the most prevalent among various dyslipidemia types, followed by hypertriglyceridemia (TG) (15.4%), hypercholesterolemia (TC) (8.3%), and high LDL-C (7.1%). The pooled prevalence of elevated serum lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] was 19.4%. By gender, the prevalence of dyslipidemia was 47.3% in males and 38.8% in females. Subgroup analyses revealed that the prevalence in southern and urban areas were higher than their counterparts. Females and population in urban areas tended to possess higher rates of awareness, treatment, and control. Meta-regression analyses suggested that the year of screening influenced prevalence estimates for dyslipidemia. The impact of the study's quality on the pooled estimates is insignificant.ConclusionOur study suggested a severe epidemic situation of dyslipidemia among adults in Chinese Mainland. More importantly, the awareness, treatment, and control rates were extremely low, revealing that dyslipidemia is a grave health issue. Consequently, we should attach more importance to the management of dyslipidemia, especially in economically underdeveloped areas.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO [CRD42022366456].

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The Effects of “Diet–Smoking–Gender” Three-Way Interactions on Cognitive Impairment among Chinese Older Adults

Cited by 8 publications

References 59 publications

Age and cohort trends of the impact of socioeconomic status on dietary diversity among Chinese older adults from the perspective of urban–rural differences: A prospective cohort study based on CLHLS 2002–2018

Age and cohort trends of the impact of socioeconomic status on dietary diversity among Chinese older adults from the perspective of urban–rural differences: A prospective cohort study based on CLHLS 2002–2018

Decoding emotional resilience in aging: unveiling the interplay between daily functioning and emotional health

Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of dyslipidemia in Chinese adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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