The effects of EGR and ignition timing on emissions of GDI engine

Zhao, Lifeng; Yu, Xiumin; Dingchao, Qian; Dong, Wei; Sun, Ping; He, Lei; Yang, Song

doi:10.1007/s11431-013-5379-y

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Therefore it might be expected that high levels of aromatics in the fuel would lead to a higher level of PM emissions. This is well supported by the literature [12,67,128]. Higher sulphur content in gasoline has also been shown to result in increased particulate matter emissions an effect greater than aromatic content [116].…”

Section: Effect Of Gasoline Composition and Properties On Gdi Pm Emissupporting

confidence: 74%

“…Retarding the ignition from MBT increases the exhaust temperature, leading to more post-flame oxidation of particulates, hence a decrease in PM emissions. In practical applications (where engines are knock limited-i.e., always operating retarded from MBT) GDI engines show a clear trend of increasing PM number emissions as ignition timing advances [67,69,70].…”

Section: Ignition Timingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Particulate Number (PN) Emissions from Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) Engines and Their Control Techniques

et al. 2018

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Particulate Matter (PM) emissions from gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines, particularly Particle Number (PN) emissions, have been studied intensively in both academia and industry because of the adverse effects of ultrafine PM emissions on human health and other environmental concerns. GDI engines are known to emit a higher number of PN emissions (on an engine-out basis) than Port Fuel Injection (PFI) engines, due to the reduced mixture homogeneity in GDI engines. Euro 6 emission standards have been introduced in Europe (and similarly in China) to limit PN emissions from GDI engines. This article summarises the current state of research in GDI PN emissions (engine-out) including a discussion of PN formation, and the characteristics of PN emissions from GDI engines. The effect of key GDI engine operating parameters is analysed, including air-fuel ratio, ignition and injection timing, injection pressure, and EGR; in addition the effect of fuel composition on particulate emissions is explored, including the effect of oxygenate components such as ethanol.

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Section: Effect Of Gasoline Composition and Properties On Gdi Pm Emissupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Ignition Timingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Particulate Number (PN) Emissions from Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) Engines and Their Control Techniques

et al. 2018

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“…Diesel engines and modern direct injection gasoline (GDI) engines are particularly prone to soot formation due to limited fuel‐air mixing prior to injection, though overall engine efficiency and emissions are improved compared to conventional gasoline engines (Mathis et al ., ; Bonatesta et al ., ). Use of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) systems has been observed to increase the production of nucleation mode particles in the 10–25 nm range (Zhao et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Progress towards a methodology for high throughput 3D reconstruction of soot nanoparticles via electron tomography

Haffner-Staton

Rocca

Fay

2018

Journal of Microscopy

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The aim of this work is to make progress towards the development of 3D reconstruction as a legitimate alternative to traditional 2D characterization of soot. Time constraints are the greatest opposition to its implementation, as currently reconstruction of a single soot particle takes around 5-6 h to complete. As such, the accuracy and detail gains are currently insufficient to challenge 2D characterization of a representative sample (e.g. 200 particles). This work is a consideration of the optimization of the steps included within the computational reconstruction and manual segmentation of soot particles. Our optimal process reduced the time required by over 70% in comparison to a typical procedure, whilst producing models with no appreciable decrease in quality.

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“…In a previous study, we explored the effects of EGR on the performance and particle emissions of GDI engines. We found that EGR could indeed effectively reduce particle emissions . The effect of cold EGR on engine thermal efficiency is equivalent to an increase in the engine compression ratio from 9.3 to 10.9 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Combined Effects of Cooled EGR and Air Dilution on Butanol–Gasoline TGDI Engine Operation, Efficiency, Gaseous, and PM Emissions

Zhao

Wang

2020

ACS Omega

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Biobutanol is a promising alternative fuel for sparkignition engines. Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and air dilution were evaluated on a TGDI engine fueled with butanol−gasoline (B20) in view of engine operation, efficiency, gaseous emissions, and PM emissions. For the B20 engine, EGR affected combustion more strongly than excess air dilution; the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) under excess air dilution was much higher than that with EGR. The oxygen concentration in the cylinder was also markedly reduced with EGR relative to air dilution, as the partial fresh charge was substituted with nonreactive gas. A reduced oxygen concentration contributed to differences in combustion between excess air dilution and EGR. Higher BTE was observed during combined EGR and excess air dilution operation, though it was slightly lower than that under excess air dilution alone. NO x was also markedly reduced by the combination of EGR and excess air dilution, but was slightly higher than that with EGR alone. Under combined dilution conditions, the particle number (PN) emissions from the B20 engine were reduced significantly, particle sizes decreased, and the nucleate PN significantly decreased.

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The effects of EGR and ignition timing on emissions of GDI engine

Cited by 22 publications

References 7 publications

A Review of Particulate Number (PN) Emissions from Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) Engines and Their Control Techniques

A Review of Particulate Number (PN) Emissions from Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) Engines and Their Control Techniques

Progress towards a methodology for high throughput 3D reconstruction of soot nanoparticles via electron tomography

Combined Effects of Cooled EGR and Air Dilution on Butanol–Gasoline TGDI Engine Operation, Efficiency, Gaseous, and PM Emissions

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