The effects of endometritis on the establishment of pregnancy in cattle

Gilbert, R.O.

doi:10.1071/rd11915

Cited by 114 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Together, these results support the suggestion that cows infected with BVDV may be predisposed to develop endometritis due to bacterial infection following calving. This may in turn also contribute to early embryonic death and failure of pregnancy establishment (Gilbert 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BVDV alters uterine prostaglandin production during pregnancy recognition in cows

Cheng¹,

Abudureyimu²,

Oguejiofor³

et al. 2016

Reproduction

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Embryonic mortality in cows is at least in part caused by failure of pregnancy recognition (PR). Evidence has shown that bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) infection can disrupt pregnancy. Prostaglandins (PG) play important roles in many reproductive processes, such as implantation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of BVDV infection on uterine PG production and PR using an in vitro PR model. Bovine uterine endometrial cells isolated from ten BVDV-free cows were cultured and treated with 0 or 100 ng/mL interferon-τ (IFNT) in the absence or presence of non-cytopathic BVDV (ncpBVDV). PGF 2α and PGE 2 concentrations in the spent medium were measured using radioimmunoassays, and in the treated cells expression of the genes associated with PG production and signalling was quantified using qPCR. The results showed that the IFNT challenge significantly stimulated PTGS1 and PTGER3 mRNA expression and PGE 2 production; however, these stimulatory effects were neutralised in the presence of ncpBVDV infection. ncpBVDV infection significantly increased PTGS1 and mPGES1 mRNA expression and decreased AKR1B1 expression, leading to increased PGE 2 and decreased PGF 2α concentrations and an increased PGE 2 :PGF 2α ratio. The other tested genes, including PGR, ESR1, OXTR, PTGS2, PTGER2 and PTGFR, were not significantly altered by IFNT, ncpBVDV or their combination. Our study suggests that BVDV infection may impair PR by (1) inhibiting the effect of IFNT on uterine PG production and (2) inducing an endocrine switch of PG production from PGF 2α to PGE 2 to decrease uterine immunity, thereby predisposing the animals to uterine disease.Reproduction (2016) 151 605-614

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BVDV alters uterine prostaglandin production during pregnancy recognition in cows

Cheng¹,

Abudureyimu²,

Oguejiofor³

et al. 2016

Reproduction

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“…Another possible explanation is that during the procedure and the mechanical injury had induced pathological conditions. In cows (Gilbert, 2011), mares (Koblischke et al, 2008) and women (Boomsma et al, 2009b), ultrasound monitoring is routinely used to detect fluid in the uterine lumen before undergoing ET. The presence of uterine fluid in the uterine cavity may be a symptom of subclinical endometritis in cattle (Kasimanickam et al, 2004, Barański et al, 2012 or a postbreeding inflammatory response in mares (Watson, 2000) or a reflux of hydrosalpinx fluid into the uterine lumen in women (Sharara et al, 1996) all of which might have a deleterious effect on embryo development and survival, decreasing the pregnancy rates after AI/ET by affecting attachment (Maischberger et al, 2008, He et al, 2010, Brodzki et al, 2015.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

63 Effect of Endometrial Biopsy on Uterine Health of Tropically Adapted Beef Cattle

Ramirez-Garzon

Satake

Lyons

et al. 2017

Reprod. Fertil. Dev.

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In cattle, early embryonic loss during the first two to three weeks after fertilisation is recognised as the major cause of reproductive failure, with consequent significant impacts on business performance of beef and dairy farms. Inadequate endometrial receptivity is considered an important cause of early embryonic mortality in cattle. A pilot experiment was conducted to compare the outcome of performing different endometrial sampling procedures in tropically adapted (Bos indicus x Bos taurus) heifers, and to select the most suitable method to collect samples for investigation of endometrial gene expression. Endometrial biopsy (EB) using a biopsy device with a diameter similar to an artificial insemination gun (10366L Karl Storz®, Germany) was found to be the most reliable method of collecting endometrial samples in these heifers, with the samples recovered yielding a mean concentration of RNA of 72.9 ±39.3 ng/µl and mean RNA integrity number (RIN) of 7.3 ±1.1.To assess the likely safety of conducting EB in cattle a systematic review of published information assessing the impact of EB on subsequent pregnancy rates was conducted. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) protocol, online searches identified 1164 possible studies. After applying the exclusion criteria, six studies allowed the comparison of pregnancy rates between sampled (n= 1,208) and non-sampled cows (n=2,393). The results showed that EB can be performed before breeding without adversely affecting the likelihood of cows becoming pregnant.A major objective of the research was to determine whether EB and evaluation of endometrial gene expression could be used to identify tropically adapted embryo transfer (ET) recipients more likely to become pregnant. Three potential EB scenarios were investigated, 1) EB on Day 7 of the oestrous cycle prior to the cycle when ET would be performed, 2) EB on Day 4 of the oestrous cycle in which ET would be performed i.e. EB 3 days before ET, and 3) EB on the same day when ET would be performed.The first study assessed the morphological and inflammatory changes induced by endometrial biopsy. Pre-synchronised heifers underwent EB from the horn ipsilateral to the corpus luteum (CL) either at Day 7 of the previous cycle (Group 1 n=10) followed by administration of a luteolytic dose of prostaglandin F2α or at Day 4 (Group 2, n=7) of the present cycle. All heifers were slaughtered on Day 7 of the present cycle. The site of EB was visually evident in 40% (4/10) of Group 1 and 42% (3/7) of Group 2 heifers. Histological assessment revealed no evidence of changes indicative of endometritis in either the biopsied or non-biopsied horns in both groups. The histological iii changes observed included mild mononuclear infiltration of the epithelium and mild vascular changes associated with haemorrhage and congestion.Initial investigation of the endometrial expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL1β and wound healing cytokine TGFβ genes found no significant difference betwe...

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“…El ganado lechero explotado en implantación y crecimiento embrionario y fetal [9]. sistemas intensivos, comúnmente adquiere En este contexto, la endometritis subclínica (ESC) es contaminación microbiana del útero durante el parto una enfermedad altamente prevalente que se [2].…”

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Diagnosis and Treatment of Postpartum Uterine Diseases in Dairy Cows: A Review With Emphasis on Subclinical Endometritis

Pascottini

Opsomer

2017

Compend. cienc. vet

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ABSTRACT. In this review, updated and precise definitions of the most common postpartum uterine diseases in dairy cows are provided. An aberrant uterine environment at inappropriate stages of the reproductive cycle inflicts damage to gametes and zygotes, impairing the reproductive performance of dairy cows. This involves major economic losses for the milk production unit. Consequently, an accurate diagnosis of postpartum uterine diseases is indispensable for practitioners to set up a prompt and efficient treatment. This review furthermore emphasizes on the new perspectives regarding diagnosis and treatment of subclinical endometritis, a highly prevalent uterine disease that is often overlooked by practitioners while causing major reproductive problems. Based on a more profound clinical understanding of the postpartum uterine disease complex, practitioners will be able to better use the available diagnostic tools and therefore apply a more efficient therapeutic approach. RESUMEN. El objetivo de este artículo de revisión es proporcionar definiciones actualizadas y precisas de las enfermedades uterinas posparto más comunes en vacas lecheras. Un ambiente uterino hostil en etapas inapropiadas del ciclo reproductivo inflige daño a los gametos y cigotos, lo que perjudica el rendimiento reproductivo de las vacas lecheras. En este contexto, una menor fertilidad contribuye negativamente al éxito económico de la unidad de producción lechera. En consecuencia, un diagnóstico adecuado de la enfermedad del útero en el posparto es indispensable para que los profesionales veterinarios puedan establecer un tratamiento con prontitud y eficacia. Esta revisión hace hincapié en las nuevas perspectivas de diagnóstico y tratamiento de la endometritis subclínica, una patología uterina de alta prevalencia que a menudo los profesionales pasan por alto. Así, con una profunda comprensión clínica del complejo de enfermedades del posparto uterino, podrán utilizarse mejor las herramientas de diagnóstico disponibles y por lo tanto aplicar un enfoque terapéutico más eficiente. KeywordsPalabras clave: vacas lecheras, endometritis, citología

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The effects of endometritis on the establishment of pregnancy in cattle

Cited by 114 publications

References 70 publications

BVDV alters uterine prostaglandin production during pregnancy recognition in cows

BVDV alters uterine prostaglandin production during pregnancy recognition in cows

63 Effect of Endometrial Biopsy on Uterine Health of Tropically Adapted Beef Cattle

Diagnosis and Treatment of Postpartum Uterine Diseases in Dairy Cows: A Review With Emphasis on Subclinical Endometritis

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