The effects of exercise training in adult solid organ transplant recipients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Abstract

Reduced exercise capacity can predispose solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients to higher risk of diabetes, cardiovascular complications, and mortality and impact their quality of life. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the effects of exercise training (versus no training) in adult SOT recipients. We conducted an electronic search of randomized controlled trials reporting on exercise interventions in SOT recipients. Primary outcomes were exercise capacity, quadriceps muscle strength, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Twenty-nine articles met the inclusion criteria. In 24 studies, there were either high risk of bias or some concerns about the potential risk of bias. There was an increase in exercise capacity (VO 2 peak) (SMD: 0.40; 95%CI 0.22-0.57; P = 0.0) and quadriceps muscle strength (SMD: 0.38; 95%CI 0.16-0.60; P = 0.001) in the exercise vs control groups. There were also improvements in several domains of the SF-36. Diastolic blood pressure improved in the exercise group compared to controls (SMD: À0.22; 95%CI À0.41-0.03; P = 0.02). Despite the considerable variation in exercise training characteristics and high risk of bias in the included studies, exercise training improved maximal exercise capacity, quadriceps muscle strength, HRQoL, and diastolic blood pressure and should be an essential part of the post-transplant care.

Markov Model-Based Sports Training Risk Prediction Model Design and Its Training Control

“…As an important element in the process of home textile product design, color has its inherent characteristics, seasonality, and continuity. The color trend of home textile popular colors in recent years consists of 10 color components, which are green, blue, purple, red, yellow, blue-green, purple-blue, red-purple, yellow-red, and green-yellow [12]. Therefore, firstly, we analyzed the information of spring and summer colors released by the International Color Council between 2007 and 2013 and obtained the market share of each hue component in all colors over the years.…”

Patient-reported outcomes evaluation and assessment of facilitators and barriers to physical activity in the Transplantoux aerobic exercise intervention

“…Indeed, both in RCTs and in observational studies, favorable effects of exercise trainingincluding reduced fatigue, anxiety, and depressive symptomatology [55][56][57][58]-are commonly, though not consistently [6,[59][60][61] reported as examples of improved quality of life [7][8][9][10] in solid organ transplant recipients. To counter this tendency, future research that evaluates exercise interventions should assess physiological parameters and PROs simultaneously.…”

“…However, improvement in long-term survival remains a major challenge [2,4,5]. As increasing evidence shows the benefits of posttransplant exercise interventions on cardiorespiratory fitness [6][7][8][9][10], muscle strength [7][8][9][10][11], metabolic health [12], and quality of life [7][8][9], it is increasingly recognized that implementation of physical activity, possibly including exercise training, is an essential component of the posttransplant regimen. Still, despite empirical evidence and clinical recommendations [13][14][15][16][17] highlighting the need for physical activity and exercise, transplant recipients' adherence to regular physical activity and/or exercise is low for a multitude of reasons [18][19][20][21][22].…”

Managing cardiovascular disease risk in South Asian kidney transplant recipients

“…Such programs will need to be culturally sensitive, especially in multiethnic regions of the world. Exercise training improves maximal exercise capacity, quadriceps muscle strength, health-related quality of life and diastolic BP[ 123 ].…”