The effects of fabrication and annealing on the structure and hydrogen permeation of Pd–Au binary alloy membranes

Gade, Sabina K.; Payzant, E. Andrew; Park, Helen J.; Thoen, Paul M.; Way, J. Douglas

doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2009.05.034

Cited by 58 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In previous work, we have successfully produced palladiumgold alloys by sequential electroless plating, creating both supported composite membranes and freestanding foils [10,11]. The plated materials have the same stability and tolerance to typical reformate streams as cold rolled materials, but due to the method of fabrication, tend to have enhanced surface gold contents and may not be entirely similar to homogeneous alloys [12]. The role of this work, therefore, is to improve understanding of the fundamental properties of the Pd-Au system, using homogeneous materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of fabrication technique upon material properties and permeation characteristics of palladium-gold alloy membranes for hydrogen separations

2010

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This work highlights new research into the fundamental properties of palladium-gold alloy membranes. Two types of self-supported palladium-gold foils were studied; membranes produced by magnetron sputtering and membranes produced by cold-working. The cold-worked membranes had thicknesses of 25 microns and gold contents from 0-40 wt% Au, while the sputtered films ranged from 10-31 microns in thickness and 5-10 wt% Au. These films were characterized by single-gas permeation testing in the temperature range of 473-773K and at pressures of up to 772 kPa. Membranes were studied before and after testing by XRD, XPS, XRF, and SEM/EDS.Hydrogen permeability in the 0-20 wt Au% range was found to be a function of synthesis technique as much as alloy content, with no single alloy having superior permeability at all temperatures. Sputtered materials had generally higher permeability than cold-worked materials of equivalent composition, although the thicker sputtered membrane had reduced hydrogen permeability compared to its thinner counterparts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of fabrication technique upon material properties and permeation characteristics of palladium-gold alloy membranes for hydrogen separations

2010

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“…Gade et al investigated selfsupported Pd/Au membranes (Pd 87 Au 13 ; 13 μm thickness) for use in pure H 2 production. 55 A rough, pebbled surface was seen on the side nearest the electroplating bath and a smoother surface, mirroring the stainless steel sheet from which the Þ lm was grown, was observed on the other side of the membrane. Lukaszewski et al reported Pd-Pt-Au alloys, prepared by codeposition on Au wires from limited volume electrolytes, which were rich in Pd had grainy or needle-shaped crystallites; at low Pd content and at higher Au content, however, globular structures were observed.…”

Section: Palladiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent applications of SEM and AFM for assessing topography of metal and related coatings — a review

Smith

Larson²,

Campbell

2011

Transactions of the IMF

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Recent literature describing the use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) in the investigation of morphology and topography of metal surface coatings has been reviewed. SEM has been shown to give valuable data on many properties such as Þ lm uniformity, thickness and cracking, wear patterns and debris, and bond failures. In addition, much information is made possible on coating phase structure, grain size and boundaries, uniformity and heterogeneity, growth mechanisms and porosity. Combined with energy dispersive X-ray analysis and chemical mapping techniques, SEM can be especially powerful. The newer technique of AFM has some advantages over SEM; however, studies tend to focus on imaging nanostructures and quantitative determination of deposit surface roughness. Advances in the application of the technique are expected to further its use, for example, in the measurement of friction, adhesion and elasticity.

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“…These JANAF polynomial coefficients are used in the Cantera software package [42], which also handles the surface reaction rate calculations at any given temperature as described in Eqs. (3)- (7). For the unsupported membrane analysis, Eqs.…”

Section: Numerical Implementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The large cross-membrane differential pressures that must be maintained to increase permeance and thereby reduce required membrane area require adequately robust mechanical supports (or substrates) for maintaining structural integrity. Materials such as porous ␣-Al 2 O 3 [7][8][9], porous YSZ [9], or porous stainless steel (PSS) [10,11] are most commonly used for this purpose. One of the recent studies speculates that Pd-Al interactions may influence Pd membrane permeance due to detrimental Pd-Al reactions [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model development and validation of hydrogen transport through supported palladium membranes

Bhargav

Jackson

Ciora

et al. 2010

Journal of Membrane Science

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The effects of fabrication and annealing on the structure and hydrogen permeation of Pd–Au binary alloy membranes

Cited by 58 publications

References 32 publications

Effects of fabrication technique upon material properties and permeation characteristics of palladium-gold alloy membranes for hydrogen separations

Effects of fabrication technique upon material properties and permeation characteristics of palladium-gold alloy membranes for hydrogen separations

Recent applications of SEM and AFM for assessing topography of metal and related coatings — a review

Model development and validation of hydrogen transport through supported palladium membranes

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