The effects of FSH and of testosterone on the completion of meiosis and the very early steps of spermiogenesis of the rat: an in vitro study

Vigier, Michèle; Weiss, M.; Perrard, Marie-Hélène; Godet, Murielle; Durand, Philippe

doi:10.1677/jme.1.01493

Cited by 61 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Our findings also showed that FSH and testosterone have positive and somewhat overlapping effects on the meiotic divisions and the post-meiotic expression of a germ cell-specific gene (transition protein1; TP1), effects which cannot be related solely to their ability to reduce germinal cell apoptosis [24].These results have been recently confirmed by others using KO mouse models [8,9,25].…”

Section: Physiological Studies In Ex-vivo Modelssupporting

confidence: 81%

Analysis of the intratesticular control of spermatogenesis by ex-vivo approaching.

Perrard

Prisant²,

Geoffroy-Siraudin³

et al. 2010

Folia Histochem Cytobiol.

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Spermatogenesis involves the realization of a particular genetic program which requires a specific environment ("niche"). Multiplication, differentiation and apoptosis of male germ cells are finely regulated by pituitary hormones (mainly LH and FSH), and by a complex network of factors originating from both the somatic cells and the germ cells of the testis. It is becoming clear that hormones and intra-testicular regulatory factors can compensate, at least in part, for the absence of some hormones or factors including FSH and LH or androgen receptors. Since, most of the growth factors, cytokines and neurotrophins produced within the testis are widely expressed in the organism, the attempts to understand their role in spermatogenesis by "classical" knock-out strategies have been often disappointing. Therefore an important aspect of our previous work was to settle and characterize carefully two systems of cocultures of testicular germ cells with somatic cells in bicameral chambers. For instance, we showed for the first time that the whole meiotic step could be performed in vitro in a mammalian species (the rat). Moreover, all our data indicate that our co-culture systems enable to highlight mechanisms pertinent to the physiological processes. Sperm parameters have been deteriorated considerably during the past 4-5 decades. There is now evidence that chemical exposure is at least partly responsible for these testicular diseases. If a large number of environmental pollutants are able to affect male fertility and to exert carcinogenic effects, their cellular and molecular mechanisms are still unidentified. The cultures in bicameral chambers that we settled can be used to study the effects of a toxicant when added in the basal compartment of the culture chamber, which appears relevant to the in vivo situation. Taken together our results indicate that our in vitro culture systems, which allow screening for the effect of biological activity of different physiological factors, can be also helpful to study that of any chemicals on both survival and multiplication/differentiation of somatic and/or spermatogenic cells on a relatively long time period.

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Section: Physiological Studies In Ex-vivo Modelssupporting

confidence: 81%

Analysis of the intratesticular control of spermatogenesis by ex-vivo approaching.

Perrard

Prisant²,

Geoffroy-Siraudin³

et al. 2010

Folia Histochem Cytobiol.

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“…Since this deletion of IGF-IR occurred very early during fetal life, it might be hypothesized that early loss of IGF-I signaling was compensated by other signals present in the developing testis. Hence, in order to clarify the potential implication of auto/paracrine IGF-I in Sertoli-germ cell interaction, co-culture of germ cells (Weiss et al 1997, Vigier et al 2004) together with wild-type or IGF-IR deleted Sertoli cells should be helpful.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inactivation of the IGF-I receptor gene in primary Sertoli cells highlights the autocrine effects of IGF-I

Froment¹,

Vigier²,

Nègre³

et al. 2007

Journal of Endocrinology

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IGF-I regulates pituitary and gonadal functions, and is pivotal for sexual development and fertility in mammalian species. To better understand the function of autocrine IGF-I in Sertoli cell physiology, we established a system for Cre-mediated conditional inactivation of the IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) in cultured Sertoli cells. We show here that loss of IGF-IR decreased the number of viable Sertoli cells as a consequence of diminished Sertoli cell proliferation and increased Sertoli cell death.Furthermore, the lack of IGF-IR altered the morphology of cultured Sertoli cells and decreased lactate and transferrin secretions. Collectively, our data indicate that autocrine IGF-I contributes significantly to Sertoli cell homeostasis. The described in vitro system for loss-of-function analysis of the IGF-IR can be readily transposed to study the role of other intratesticular growth factors involved in spermatogenesis.

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“…Germinal cells were extracted from the testis by mechanical dissociation and a combination of trypsin and DNase according to Vigier et al (2004), then they were separated by centrifugal elutriation (Bucci et al 1986). The enriched spermatogonia-preleptotene spermatocytes fraction was further subjected to differential plating (12 h at 33 8C in Ham's F-12/Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) (PAN-Biotech, Brumath, France) containing 0 .…”

Section: Purification and Incubation Of Germ Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three promoters PII, PI.f, and PI.tr direct the expression of aromatase (cyp19) gene in male rat germ cells

Silandre¹,

Delalande²,

Durand³

et al. 2007

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

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Aromatase is the key enzyme responsible for the irreversible transformation of androgens into estrogens. It is encoded by the cyp19 gene and is expressed in the mammalian testis under the control of the proximal promoter PII. Since both somatic and germ cells contain a biologically active aromatase, we looked for the existence of other promoters that may direct the expression of aromatase in adult rat germ cells. Besides the promoter II, we have shown the presence of transcripts derived from the brain promoter PI.f in spermatogonia-preleptotene spermatocytes (G-PL), pachytene spermatocytes (PS), and round spermatids (RS). A new aromatase cDNA has been isolated by 5 0 -rapid amplification of cDNA ends that we named I.tr (testis rat). The I.tr transcripts are found in all the testicular cell populations studied with a greater expression in PS. Because of the utilization of these three promoters in the adult rat testis, we studied their putative involvement according to the age. At 10 days, aromatase expression was very low and then strongly increased between 10 and 20 days, with a preferential activation of PII and PI.tr. Transcripts coming from PI.f were found starting from 20 days onwards. The new promoter PI.tr, localized between promoters PI.f and PII, is devoid of a TATA box but contains a transcriptional initiator (Inr) and putative regulatory sequences. Therefore, the identification of the specific trans-activating factors should bring some enlightenments to understand the regulation of these three promoters in germ cells especially according to their stage of development.

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The effects of FSH and of testosterone on the completion of meiosis and the very early steps of spermiogenesis of the rat: an in vitro study

Cited by 61 publications

References 51 publications

Analysis of the intratesticular control of spermatogenesis by ex-vivo approaching.

Analysis of the intratesticular control of spermatogenesis by ex-vivo approaching.

Inactivation of the IGF-I receptor gene in primary Sertoli cells highlights the autocrine effects of IGF-I

Three promoters PII, PI.f, and PI.tr direct the expression of aromatase (cyp19) gene in male rat germ cells

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