The effects of hormone therapy on metabolic risk factors in postmenopausal Korean women

Kim, Sun Mi; Kim, Seok-Hyun; Lee, Jung Ryeol; Jee, Byung Chul; Ku, Seung‐Yup; Suh, Chang Suk; Choi, Youngmin; Kim, J. G.; Moon, Sungji

doi:10.3109/13697137.2010.498593

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…According to our results, HT affects the components of the lipid profile, mainly triglyceride and HDL-c levels, in which the percent of change was higher. The results of the effects of HT with estrogen on postmenopausal women has been noted; then it is reported, a positive effect on HDL-c in healthy and MetS women, as we have previously mentioned [ 4 , 16 , 26 , 27 ]. Moreover, a study indicated that with HT there is an increase in Apo A–I production, which was not accompanied by a corresponding increase in HDL-c [ 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…Hormone therapy (HT) with estrogen and progestin or with estrogen alone is a therapeutic alternative for women seeking help to control their symptoms that occur after menopause, although the therapy use is controversial, it is actually accepted if its use is near menopause [ 15 ]. In this sense, HT has shown positive effects in women with MetS by producing a significant reduction in insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia and visceral fat and better management of weight, hypertension and diabetes mellitus [ 4 , 16 ]. Regarding OS, several studies have been conducted to determine the antioxidant effect after menopause, although there are no reports about this effect on OS in women with MetS; hence, the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of HT on OS in postmenopausal women with MetS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Hormone Therapy on Oxidative Stress in Postmenopausal Women with Metabolic Syndrome

Sánchez-Rodrı́guez

Zacarías-Flores

Castrejón-Delgado

et al. 2016

IJMS

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The aim of this study was to determine the effect of oral hormone therapy (HT) on oxidative stress (OS) in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome (MetS). A randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial was carried out. We formed four groups of 25 women each; healthy (HW) and MetS women (MSW) were assigned to HT (1 mg/day of estradiol valerate plus 5 mg/10 day of medroxiprogesterone) or placebo. We measured plasma lipoperoxides, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, total plasma antioxidant status and uric acid, as OS markers. Alternative cut-off values of each parameter were defined and a stress score (SS) ranging from 0 to 7 was used as total OS. MetS was defined according to National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATPIII) criteria. Participants were seen at baseline, 3 and 6 months. After 6 months, MetS decreased in MSW-HT (48%), their triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) improved; in the other groups no difference was found. SS in MSW-HT decreased (3.8 ± 0.3 to 1.7 ± 0.3, p < 0.05) and OS was also reduced (44%), this effect was evident since 3 mo. HW-HT with high OS also decreased (40%). In placebo groups there was no change. Our findings suggest that HT improve lipids and OS associated to MetS in postmenopausal women.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Hormone Therapy on Oxidative Stress in Postmenopausal Women with Metabolic Syndrome

Sánchez-Rodrı́guez

Zacarías-Flores

Castrejón-Delgado

et al. 2016

IJMS

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“…Pregnancy and estrogen increased the chances for gallstone disease and were the risk factors of gallstone 26 27 28 . Meanwhile, estrogen play a protective role against MetS and was associated with decreased risk of MetS 29 30 . The result of no significant association between MetS and gallstone may be due to the contrary effects of estrogen on MetS and gallstone disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between gallstones and metabolic syndrome in urban Han Chinese: a longitudinal cohort study

Zhu

Sun

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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The precise association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and gallstone disease remains unclear in China. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between MetS and gallstone and evaluate whether counts of metabolic abnormalities had influence on gallstone disease. We fitted gender-specific generalized estimating equation (GEE) regression models with data from a large-scale longitudinal study over 6-year follow-up to elucidate the real association. This study included 18291 participants with 3 times repeated measures at least who were free from a prior history of gallstone disease and cholecystectomy. A total of 873 cases of gallstones occurred during 6-year follow-up. The incidence density of gallstone in the group of subjects with MetS was higher than the group without MetS (10.27 vs 5.79). The GEE analyses confirmed and clarified the association between MetS and gallstone disease in males (RR = 1.33, P = 0.0020), while this association was not significant in females (RR = 1.15, P = 0.4962). With numbers of metabolic syndrome components increasing, the risk of gallstone disease showed corresponding increasing in males. In conclusion, the associations of MetS and gallstone are different in males and in females. And the risk of gallstone disease increases with the number of components of MetS for males but not for females.

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“…Furthermore, the study was unable to control the effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on metabolic function. HRT has been associated with reduced risk for MetS, but the results vary by the types of HRT (Kim, et al, 2011; Salpeter, et al, 2006). Finally, the present study focused on treatment-seeking individuals and findings may not generalize to community samples (Grilo, Lozano, & Masheb, 2005; Wilfley, Pike et al, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Menopause and metabolic syndrome in obese individuals with binge eating disorder

et al. 2014

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Menopausal transition has been associated with emergence of metabolic abnormalities, which may increase risk for chronic medical conditions in women. This study compared metabolic function between premenopausal women (n = 152), postmenopausal women (n = 88), and men (n = 98) recruited for treatment studies for obesity co-occurring with binge eating disorder (BED), a high risk population for developing metabolic syndrome (MetS). Postmenopausal women were more likely than premenopausal women to show elevated total cholesterol (OR = 2.75; 95% CI = 1.56–4.80) and poor glycemic control (OR = 2.92; 95% CI = 1.32–6.33), but were more likely to have lower HDL levels (OR = 0.36; 95% CI = 0.19–0.68). These became non-significant after adjusting for age. Both pre- and postmenopausal women were less likely than age-matched men to show elevated levels of triglycerides (OR = 0.27; 95% CI = 0.13–0.53 [postmenopausal], OR = 0.29; 95% CI = 0.16–0.53 [premenopausal]), blood pressure (OR = 0.48; 95% CI = 0.25–0.91 [postmenopausal], OR = 0.40; 95% CI = 0.23–0.69 [premenopausal]), and less likely to have MetS (OR = 0.41; 95% CI = 0.21–0.78 [postmenopausal], OR = 0.46; 95% CI = 0.27–0.79 [premenopausal]). Premenopausal women were also less likely to have elevated fasting glucose level (OR = 0.50; 95% CI = 0.26–0.97) than age-matched men. Among obese women with BED, aging may have a more profound impact on metabolic abnormalities than menopause, suggesting the importance of early intervention of obesity and symptoms of BED. Active monitoring of metabolic function in obese men with BED may also be critical.

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The effects of hormone therapy on metabolic risk factors in postmenopausal Korean women

Abstract: Postmenopausal hormone therapy is associated with decreased risk of MetS in postmenopausal Korean women.

Cited by 14 publications

References 47 publications

Effects of Hormone Therapy on Oxidative Stress in Postmenopausal Women with Metabolic Syndrome

Effects of Hormone Therapy on Oxidative Stress in Postmenopausal Women with Metabolic Syndrome

The association between gallstones and metabolic syndrome in urban Han Chinese: a longitudinal cohort study

Menopause and metabolic syndrome in obese individuals with binge eating disorder

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