“…Value relevance testing has previously been conducted with risks associated with disclosure (Elshandidy & Zeng, 2021), intangible assets (Cordazzo & Rossi, 2020;Ji & Lu, 2014;Kumari & Mishra, 2021;Park & Jang, 2021), impairment loss goodwill value (Alshehabi et al, 2021), cash holding (Trinh et al, 2021), fair value accounting (Adwan et al, 2020), carbon disclosure (Jiang et al, 2021), integrated reporting disclosure (Cortesi & Vena, 2019), corporate social responsibility (Firmansyah & Yusuf, 2020;Govindan et al, 2021), intellectual capital (Firmansyah & Yusuf, 2020;Hayati et al, 2015;Vafaei et al, 2011), earnings management (Mostafa, 2017;Shan, 2015), corporate governance (Firmansyah & Yusuf, 2020;Shan, 2015), IFRS adoption (Alali & Foote, 2012;Cutillas-Gomariz et al, 2016;Elbakry et al, 2017;Garcia et al, 2017;Okafor et al, 2016;Srivastava & Muharam, 2021;Tsalavoutas et al, 2012;Yuniarso & Lako, 2018), accounting firm size (Abdollahi et al, 2020;Lee & Lee, 2013), comprehensive income (Djaballah & Fortin, 2021;Khan et al, 2018), tax avoidance (Ariff & Hashim, 2014;Midiastuty et al, 2020), and corporate governance (Ariff & Hashim, 2014;Firmansyah & Yusuf, 2020).…”