The effects of language bias and cultural bias estimated using the method of correlated vectors on a large database of IQ comparisons between native Dutch and ethnic minority immigrants from non-Western countries

Nijenhuis, Jan te; Willigers, Denise; Dragt, Joep; Flier, H. van der

doi:10.1016/j.intell.2015.12.003

Cited by 22 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The distribution of Western and non-Western immigrants represents the immigrant population in Switzerland and Germany well [2, 3], and thus all individuals with a migration background were included in the following analyses. However, there are studies that revealed group differences in intelligence across individuals from Western and immigrants from non-Western countries [37]. In the present study, the sample of immigrants from non-Western countries was not large enough to analyze such group differences.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 75%

Measurement Invariance and Latent Mean Differences in the Reynolds Intellectual Assessment Scales (RIAS): Does the German Version of the RIAS Allow a Valid Assessment of Individuals with a Migration Background?

et al. 2016

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This study examined measurement invariance and latent mean differences in the German version of the Reynolds Intellectual Assessment Scales (RIAS) for 316 individuals with a migration background (defined as speaking German as a second language) and 316 sex- and age-matched natives. The RIAS measures general intelligence (single-factor structure) and its two components, verbal and nonverbal intelligence (two-factor structure). Results of a multi-group confirmatory factor analysis showed scalar invariance for the two-factor and partial scalar invariance for the single-factor structure. We conclude that the two-factor structure of the RIAS is comparable across groups. Hence, verbal and nonverbal intelligence but not general intelligence should be considered when comparing RIAS test results of individuals with and without a migration background. Further, latent mean differences especially on the verbal, but also on the nonverbal intelligence index indicate language barriers for individuals with a migration background, as subtests corresponding to verbal intelligence require higher skills in German language. Moreover, cultural, environmental, and social factors that have to be taken into account when assessing individuals with a migration background are discussed.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 75%

Measurement Invariance and Latent Mean Differences in the Reynolds Intellectual Assessment Scales (RIAS): Does the German Version of the RIAS Allow a Valid Assessment of Individuals with a Migration Background?

et al. 2016

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“…First, the differences in GMA based on immigrant status should be explored in more countries throughout the world, given the ubiquity of the use of cognitive assessments in personnel selection systems (Ryan et al, ). Second, more research should be conducted internationally on the differences in GMA between native population majority and ethnic minority groups, similar to what has been done in the United States (Roth et al, ; Schmitt et al, ) and the Netherlands (te Nijenhuis & van der Flier, ; te Nijenhuis et al, ). Third, the mechanisms underlying the GMA differences based on immigrant status should be more thoroughly understood so that they can potentially be proactively reduced and extended to non‐immigrant ethnic groups when possible.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…de Meijer et al (2006) found larger differences in favor of non-immigrants with firstgeneration immigrants and smaller differences with second-generation applicants. Similarly, a meta-analysis by te Nijenhuis et al (2016) found immigrant and non-immigrant groups differed by between one-half and one full standard deviation, depending on the verbal and g saturation of the subtest, the immigrant group compared to, and the length of stay in the country (e.g., second-generation immigrants generally score higher than first-generation immigrants). These generational differences are particularly interesting from an adverse impact perspective because they shift the focus from racial factors to sociocultural factors.…”

Section: Immigrant Versus Non-immigrant Differences In Gmamentioning

confidence: 97%

“…States (Roth et al, 2001;Schmitt et al, 1996) and the Netherlands (te Nijenhuis & van der Flier, 1999;te Nijenhuis et al, 2016). Third, the mechanisms underlying the GMA differences based on immigrant status should be more thoroughly understood so that they can potentially be proactively reduced and extended to non-immigrant ethnic groups when possible.…”

Section: Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority of research comparing immigrant and non‐immigrant scores on GMA tests has been conducted in the Netherlands (de Meijer, Born, Terlouw, & van der Molen, ; te Nijenhuis & van der Flier, ). Cognitive subtests that strongly measure general intelligence show large mean differences between immigrants and majority members; subtests that less strongly measure general intelligence show smaller mean differences (te Nijenhuis & van der Flier, ; te Nijenhuis, Willigers, Dragt, & van der Flier, ). te Nijenhuis and van der Flier () note that the study of GMA differences between immigrant and non‐immigrant populations is important because low level of education is generally seen as being the main reason for high immigrant unemployment in the Netherlands.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

International comparison of group differences in general mental ability for immigrants versus non‐immigrants

Robie

Christiansen

Hausdorf

et al. 2017

Int J Selection Assessment

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Globalization has led to increased migration and labor mobility over the past several decades and immigrants generally seek jobs in their new countries. Tests of general mental ability (GMA) are common in personnel selection systems throughout the world. Unfortunately, GMA test scores often display differences between majority groups and ethnic subgroups that may represent a barrier to employment for immigrants. The purpose of this study was to examine differences in GMA based on immigrant status in 29 countries (or jurisdictions of countries) throughout the world using an existing database that employs high‐quality measurement and sampling methodologies with large sample sizes. The primary findings were that across countries, non‐immigrants (n = 139,464) scored approximately half of a standard deviation (d = .53) higher than first‐generation immigrants (n = 22,162) but only one‐tenth of a standard deviation (d = .12) higher than second‐generation immigrants (n = 6,428). Considerable variability in effect sizes was found across countries as Nordic European and Germanic European countries evidenced the highest non‐immigrant/first‐generation immigrant mean differences and Anglo countries the smallest. Countries with the lowest income inequality tended to evidence the highest differences in GMA between non‐immigrants and first‐generation immigrants. Implications for GMA testing as a potential barrier to immigrant employment success and the field's current understanding of group differences in GMA test scores will be discussed.

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Race and Cultural Differences in Predictors Commonly Used in Employee Selection and Assessment

Scherbaum¹,

DeNunzio²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2017

The Wiley Blackwell Handbook of the Psychology of Recruitment, Selection and Employee Retention

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The effects of language bias and cultural bias estimated using the method of correlated vectors on a large database of IQ comparisons between native Dutch and ethnic minority immigrants from non-Western countries

Cited by 22 publications

References 33 publications

Measurement Invariance and Latent Mean Differences in the Reynolds Intellectual Assessment Scales (RIAS): Does the German Version of the RIAS Allow a Valid Assessment of Individuals with a Migration Background?

Measurement Invariance and Latent Mean Differences in the Reynolds Intellectual Assessment Scales (RIAS): Does the German Version of the RIAS Allow a Valid Assessment of Individuals with a Migration Background?

International comparison of group differences in general mental ability for immigrants versus non‐immigrants

Race and Cultural Differences in Predictors Commonly Used in Employee Selection and Assessment

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