The effects of microcystins on the serum biochemistry of carp, Cyprinus carpio L., when the toxins are administered by gavage, immersion and intraperitoneal routes

Abstract

Microcystins were administered to carp, Cyprinus carpio L., by intraperitoneal injection. Tests performed on the serum indicated liver and gill damage, and disturbances in hepatic and osmoregulatory functions. Exposure of carp to microcystins by gavage and inrimersion caused changes indicating mild liver damage and changes in the equilibrium of cationanion balance in some treatments. The results of gavage and immersion exposure indicate that acute roxicity is unlikely to occur in wild carp populations, but chronic poisoning may follow repeated sublethal exposure. A serum biochemical profile comprising alanine amino transferase, aspartate amino transferase, bile acids, bilirubin, sodium and chloride determinations may provide a useful diagnostic indication of microcystin poisoning in wild carp populations.

Modulation of Biochemical and Haematological Indices of Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val.) Exposed to Toxic Cyanobacterial Water Bloom

“…Values of haematological and biochemical indices in this work do not correspond well with the results published by other authors (Rabergh et al 1991;Tencalla et al 1994;Carbis et al 1996Carbis et al , 1997Navrátil et al 1998;Kopp and Heteša, 2000;Kopp et al 2005;Li et al 2004Li et al , 2007Zhang et al 2008;Qiu et al 2009). Differences were mainly due to the different ways of toxin and cyanobacterial cell biomass administration, alterations in the physiological status of the cyanobacterial water bloom populations and different sensibility of fish species.…”

“…In previous experiments, values of total protein significantly decreased after intraperitoneal administration of pure microcystin-LR to the common carp , silver carp ) and were not changed in the carp (Carbis et al 1996). Changes of total protein under the influence of cyanobacterial populations were reduced in the common carp (Kopp and Heteša 2000) and were not changed in the silver carp (Kopp et al 2005).…”

“…Kopp and Heteša (2000) reported that the activity of blood plasma enzymes increased after exposing the common carp for 96-h to natural cyanobacterial population. Carbis et al (1996) noted a delay of toxic manifestation in fish exposed to water with dispersed microcystin. Serum activities of AST and ALT increased 7 days after the carp were exposed to water that contained microcystins.…”

“…The measurement of aminotransferases (ALT, AST), bile acids, bilirubin, sodium and chloride from the blood serum is recommended (Carbis et al 1996).…”

Why mammals more susceptible to the hepatotoxic microcystins than fish: evidences from plasma and albumin protein binding through equilibrium dialysis

“…Plenty of toxicokinetic studies have been performed with MCs, using different subjects, doses and administration routes (Carbis et al 1996;Wang et al 2008;Tencalla et al 1994). It has been shown that the toxicokinetic profile of the toxin varies considerably among different species, and mammals seem to be more susceptible to MCs than fish.…”