THE EFFECTS OF NO₂ AND SALTS OF NO₂ UPON ESTABLISHED CELL LINES

Abstract

The effects of several concentrations of NO2, NaNO3, and NaNO2 respectively, upon strain L, mouse liver cells, and HeLa cells, were studied and a modified system designed to permit continuous exposure of cells to air pollutants is described. In NCTC medium 109 containing serum, cells tolerate concentrations of NO2 up to 4100 p.p.m. and some may even tolerate 8600 p.p.m. Removal of the serum lowers the lethal concentration of NO2 to less than 100 p.p.m. If the cells were covered only by a thin film of BSS (balanced salt solution) medium, a concentration of 100 p.p.m. NO2 proved toxic within [Formula: see text] hour. If, however, the NO2 concentration was reduced to 5 or 10 p.p.m., cells survived a daily 8-hour exposure but many, if not most, of the cells were dead after several days. The presence of as little as 25 mg% NaNO2 retarded proliferation. On the other hand, NaNO3 was tolerated well in the three cell lines tested; HeLa cells seemed to be the most sensitive of the cell strains with respect to these salts.

Novel culture and exposure system for measurement of effects of airborne pollutants on mammalian cells

“…Two hamster cell strains (embryo, tracheal) were planted at an initial density 1 X 105 cells per filter in 35-mm culture dishes, and samples were fixed, stained, and mounted on days 3 and 5 after planting. Good morphology was judged as a flat, even appearing cytoplasm as opposed to a rounded or spindly appearance (3)(4)(5)(6) cytoplasmic extensions from the main cell body extending at times into the pores of the filters). Cells on filters with pore sizes of 3.0 pm or greater developed a spindly appearance.…”

“…Angeles County have been reported (1)(2)(3)(4). However, for precise estimation of these effects, one must duly account for the seasonal behavior and the random fluctuations in the pollutant concentration.…”

Functional and Morphological Response of In Vitro Lung and Myocardial Test Objects to Experimental Gas Environments

“…Saltzman has reported that for every mole of NO 2 dissolved, 0.72 moles of NO 2 ions are produced, as indicated by specific interaction with the azo radical of the Saltzman reagent. Pace & Associates, 1 have demonstrated that NaN0 2 , but not NaN0 3 , produced a death rate of cells in tissue culture which was comparable to the effect resulting from a direct exposure of the cells to NO2 gas. To facilitate the introduction of NO 2 to the cells, NaN0 2 was used as a starting material rather than NO 2 gas.…”