The effects of oral 5-hydroxytryptophan administration on feeding behavior in obese adult female subjects

Ceci, Fabrizio; Cangiano, C.; Cairella, M; Cascino, A.; Ben, Maria Del; Muscaritoli, Maurizio; Sibilia, Lucio; Fanelli, Filippo Rossi

doi:10.1007/bf01578751

Cited by 40 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This is indirectly supported by our previously reported data showing that the oral administration of 5-HTP in obese patients is effective in reducing energy intake by predominantly inhibiting carbohydrate intake, and therefore improving patients' compliance to low energy dietary prescriptions. 13,14 On the other hand, the evidence obtained in the present study that patients' eating behaviour complied well with standard nutritional advice (50% of energy intake from carbohydrates, 30% from fats and 20% from proteins) despite a reduction in predicted brain tryptophan concentrations, might reason against a selective role for brain serotonin in modulating macronutrient selection. However, it must be remembered that in the present study, patients had a history of diabetes dating at least 3 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 41%

“…Also, patients were questioned for the presence of side effects, including nausea and vomiting, using a previously validated questionnaire. 13,14 To test patients' compliance to treatment 24 h urinary excretion of 5-hydroxy-indoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) was also determined on day 0, day 7 and day 14, using the chromatographic-colorimetric method described by Udenfriend et al 22 Data obtained in the study group were then compared to those simultaneously obtained in a control group of 18 gender-and age-comparable healthy subjects. Blood samples were obtained and processed as described for diabetic patients.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These ®ndings have recently been con®rmed in obese hyperphagic patients. 13,14 In these investigations, the oral administration of 5-HTP reduced the patient's energy intake by signi®cantly inhibiting carbohydrate intake, while protein and lipid consumption was minimally affected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 Further evidence shows that in obese hyperphagic patients, the oral administration of 5-hydroxy-tryptophan (5-HTP), the direct precursor of serotonin, is effective in reducing energy intake and in enhancing patients' compliance to a hypoenergetic diet. 13,14 Beside its anorectic effect, brain serotonin appears to be also involved in macronutrient selection. Although controversy still exists on the role of sero-tonin in modulating selective macronutrient intake (for review, see Ref.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of oral 5-hydroxy-tryptophan on energy intake and macronutrient selection in non-insulin dependent diabetic patients

Cangiano¹,

Laviano²,

Ben

et al. 1998

Int J Obes

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OBJECTIVE: In obese patients, brain serotonergic stimulation via orally administered 5-hydroxy-tryptophan (5-HTP), the precursor of serotonin, causes decreased carbohydrate intake and weight loss. Since diabetes mellitus is associated with depressed brain serotonin, hyperphagia and carbohydrate craving, we hypothesized that in diabetic patients, orally administered 5-HTP stimulates brain serotonergic activity and thus normalizes eating behaviour. To test this hypothesis, we investigated whether in diabetic patients: 1) predicted brain serotonin concentrations are depressed as a result of decreased availability of the precursor, tryptophan; and 2) oral 5-HTP is effective in reducing energy and carbohydrate intake. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: 25 overweight non-insulin dependent diabetic outpatients were enrolled in a doubleblind, placebo-controlled study, and randomized to receive either 5-HTP (750 mgad) or placebo for two consecutive weeks, during which no dietary restriction was prescribed. Energy intake and eating behaviour, as expressed by macronutrient selection, were evaluated using a daily diet diary. Plasma amino acid concentrations and body weight, as well as serum glucose, insulin and glycosylated haemoglobin were assessed. RESULTS: 20 patients (nine from the 5-HTP group and 11 from the Placebo group) completed the study. Brain tryptophan availability in diabetic patients was signi®cantly reduced when compared to a group of healthy controls. Patients receiving 5-HTP signi®cantly decreased their daily energy intake, by reducing carbohydrate and fat intake, and reduced their body weight. CONCLUSIONS: These data con®rm the role of the serotonergic system in reducing energy intake, by predominantly inhibiting carbohydrate intake, and suggest that 5-HTP may be safely utilized to improve the compliance to dietary prescriptions in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 41%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effects of oral 5-hydroxy-tryptophan on energy intake and macronutrient selection in non-insulin dependent diabetic patients

Cangiano¹,

Laviano²,

Ben

et al. 1998

Int J Obes

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show abstract

“…26 Previous observations have shown that oral administration of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) is useful for losing weight. [27][28][29] Moreover, it has been shown that 5-HTP increases plasma concentration of leptin, the hormone synthesized from fat that inhibits the feeling of hunger in the hypothalamus. [30][31][32][33] Currently, 5-HTP is available exclusively in oral or parenteral formulations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satiety and amino-acid profile in overweight women after a new treatment using a natural plant extract sublingual spray formulation

et al. 2009

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Objective: To test the effect on satiety of a formulation comprising plant extracts naturally containing 5-hydroxytryptophan, delivered as sublingual spray (5HTP-Nat Exts), administered five times a day for 2 months. Design: Two-month, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Subjects: A total of 27 healthy, adult overweight women were randomly assigned to the treatment (14) or the placebo group (13). Measurements: Visual analog scales were used to assess appetite sensations every day. Moreover, the study evaluated the bioavailability of 5-hydroxytryptophan following sublingual delivery over 8 weeks, by comparing 24-h urinary excretion of 5-hydroxy-3-indoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), determined at baseline and after 2 months. Other secondary end points of the study were to compare body composition, depressive symptoms, severity of binge eating and quality of life. Finally, the study tested whether a single administration of 5HTP-Nat Exts in fasting state has an effect on amino-acid profile and on appetite ratings and whether 5HTP-Nat Exts administered before a fixed test meal has any effect on satiety. Results: The group using the 5HTP-Nat Exts experienced a significantly greater increase in their sensation of satiety over an 8-week timeframe and in fasting state following administration of 5HTP-Nat Exts than the placebo group did (AUC ¼ 305.2 (52.8) vs 236.6 (59.4), mean difference À68.7 (95% confidence interval (CI) À116.2 to À21.2), P ¼ 0.007; mean difference in Haber score change 2.5 (95% CI 0.62-3.12, P ¼ 0.007)). A difference was observed between the groups for the mean change in 5-HIAA. All the amino acids evaluated after a single administration of 5HTP-Nat Exts were found to be similar. Differences were found for the mean change in body mass index, skinfold thicknesses and hip circumference. The other parameters were found to be similar. Conclusion: All these findings suggest that 5HTP-Nat Exts may be safely used to treat the problem of appetite control in overweight women during a weight loss program.

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Preliminary fMRI findings concerning the influence of 5‐HTP on food selection

Ioannou

Williams

2016

Brain and Behavior

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ObjectiveThis functional magnetic resonance imaging study was designed to observe how physiological brain states can alter food preferences. A primary goal was to observe food‐sensitive regions and moreover examine whether 5‐HTP intake would activate areas which have been associated with appetite suppression, anorexia, satiety, and weight loss.Methods and ProcedureFourteen healthy male and female participants took part in the study, of which half of them received the supplement 5‐HTP and the rest vitamin C (control) on an empty stomach. During the scanning session, they passively observed food (high calories, proteins, carbohydrates) and nonfood movie stimuli.ResultsWithin the 5‐HTP group, a comparison of food and nonfood stimuli showed significant responses that included the limbic system, the basal ganglia, and the prefrontal, temporal, and parietal cortices. For the vitamin C group, activity was mainly located in temporal and occipital regions. Compared to the vitamin C group, the 5‐HTP group in response to food showed increased activation on the VMPFC, the DLPFC, limbic, and temporal regions. For the 5‐HTP group, activity in response to food high in protein content compared to food high in calories and carbohydrates was located in the limbic system and the right caudomedial OFC, whereas for the vitamin C group, activity was mainly located at the inferior parietal lobes, the anterior cingulate gyri, and the left ventrolateral OFC. Greater responses to carbohydrates and high calorie stimuli in the vitamin C group were located at the right temporal gyrus, the occipital gyrus, the right VLPFC, whereas for the 5‐HTP group, activity was observed at the left VMPFC, the parahippocampal gyrus bilaterally, the occipital lobe, and middle temporal gyri.DiscussionIn line with the hypotheses, 5‐HTP triggered cortical responses associated with healthy body weight as well as cerebral preferences for protein‐rich stimuli. The brain's activity is altered by macronutrients rich or deprived in the body. By reading the organisms physiological states and combining them with memory experiences, it constructs behavioral strategies steering an individual toward or in opposition to a particular food.

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The effects of oral 5-hydroxytryptophan administration on feeding behavior in obese adult female subjects

Cited by 40 publications

References 13 publications

Effects of oral 5-hydroxy-tryptophan on energy intake and macronutrient selection in non-insulin dependent diabetic patients

Effects of oral 5-hydroxy-tryptophan on energy intake and macronutrient selection in non-insulin dependent diabetic patients

Satiety and amino-acid profile in overweight women after a new treatment using a natural plant extract sublingual spray formulation

Preliminary fMRI findings concerning the influence of 5‐HTP on food selection

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