The effects of organizational and individual factors on occupational accidents

Oliver, Amparo; Cheyne, Alistair; Tomás, José M.; Cox, Sue

doi:10.1348/096317902321119691

Cited by 159 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The safety climate can be grasped by examining perceptions of job conditions and characteristics (Philips et al, 2012;Rysdstedt and Lundh, 2012) and/or by looking at individual attitudes and characteristics (Oliver et al, 2002;Tomas et al, 2011). It may be influenced by leadership style (Zohar and Luria, 2010).…”

Section: Perceived Risk and Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety climate, perceived risk, and involvement in safety management

Kouabenan

Ngueutsa

Mbaye³

2015

Safety Science

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a b s t r a c tThis article examines the relationship between safety climate, risk perception and involvement in safety management by first-line managers (FLM). Sixty-three FLMs from two French nuclear plants answered a questionnaire measuring perceived workplace safety climate, perceived risk, and involvement in safety management. We hypothesized that a positive perception of safety climate would promote substantial involvement in safety management, and that this effect would be stronger than the perceived-risk effect. We also expected that safety climate dimensions would have a different impact on involvement in safety management. Especially, we expected climate dimensions dealing with safety-related exchanges between managers and their supervisees to be more related to FLMs' involvement in safety management. As expected, perceived risk, as well as safety climate, was related to FLMs' involvement in safety management: the more they perceived risks as probable and serious for their supervisees, the more involved they got in safety management. Similarly, FLMs who perceived a good safety climate in their company reported getting more involved in safety management than did FLMs who perceived a poor safety climate. Moreover, the results showed that safety climate was the key variable because it completely mediated the effect of perceived risk on involvement in safety management. Another important result showed that immediate supervisor encouragement was more influential than senior management views on safety. Furthermore, the fact of being called upon by supervisees on safety issues prompted the FLMs to be more involved in safety management. Possible avenues for improving the involvement of FLMs in safety management are suggested.

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Section: Perceived Risk and Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety climate, perceived risk, and involvement in safety management

Kouabenan

Ngueutsa

Mbaye³

2015

Safety Science

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“…However, the safety literature suggests that these individual factors are important and should be included in models that seek to explain safety behaviour. Oliver et al (2002) collected data from a wide range of industrial sectors and employed structural equation modelling (SEM) to test models depicting the influence of organizational and individual variables on accidents. They found that individual level variables, including safe behaviour and general health, mediated the indirect effects of the organizational variables.…”

Section: Predictors Of Medication Errorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The literature is not clear on the exact nature of the linkage between Organisational Climate and Violations with some studies suggesting that the linkage is entirely direct (Fogarty 2003) and others suggesting that the effect of Organisational Climate is at least partially mediated by individual factors, notably stress (Lawton & Parker 1998, Cox et al 2002. Figure 1 allows for both of these possibilities with a direct pathway between Organisational Climate and Violations and indirect pathways via Individual Distress and Individual Morale.…”

Section: Building a Measurement And Structural Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patient safety during medication administration: The influence of organizational and individual variables on unsafe work practices and medication errors

Fogarty

McKeon

2006

Ergonomics

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Medication errors are a leading cause of unintended harm to patients both in Australia and internationally and there is now a concerted attempt to identify and correct individual and workplace factors that encourage medication errors. The current study used structural equation modelling to measure organisational climate and to test a model with hypothesised links between climate and unsafe medication administration behaviours. The study also examined the possible mediating role of stress and morale. Data were collected from 176 nurses working in rural areas in Australia. The model provided a reasonable fit to the data with organisational climate accounting for 39% of the variance in individual distress, which in turn explained 7% of the variance in selfreported violations. The only variable that made a direct contribution to errors was violations, which accounted for 24% of the variance in medication errors. These findings highlight the importance of monitoring the state of the whole health system. Deficiencies at the organisational level affect the psychological well-being of hospital employees, and distressed employees are more likely to engage in substandard work practices that ultimately endanger the patients under their care. Keywords: Medication errors, Patient safety, Systems approach.Patient safety during medication administration 2 IntroductionWithin the hospital environment, adverse events resulting from medication errors are recognised as a leading cause of unintended harm to patients. Here in Australia, Malpass et al. (1999) estimated that 20% of recorded hospital incidents involved an error in the use of medications. The Australian Quality of Health Care Study (Wilson et al. 1995) put the figure at 17%. These estimates are similar to those reported in the UK (Vincent et al. 2001) and the US (Leape et al. 1991(Leape et al. , 1995 and confirm that errors in the administration of medications are a significant contributor to iatrogenic injury and illness (Bates 1999). The well-documented prevalence and seriousness of this problem in health systems across different countries demands the attention of researchers from a range of disciplines employing different methodologies, each of which can shed light on particular aspects of the problem.The current study used structural equation modelling to assess the effects of organisational and individual level variables on medication administration behaviours reported by nurses working in hospital settings. These behaviours were divided into violations, which involve the deliberate deviation from rules that describe the safe or approved method of performing a particular task or job, and errors, which refer to unintended outcomes caused by slips, lapses and mistakes made by individuals (Reason 1990). We begin by defining the scope of the behaviours included in this study before reviewing the literature on the causes of medication errors and tracing the development of a model that describes the impact of organisational climate on individual stress and morale and the ...

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“…Moreover, the management's commitment to safety and the minimization of the risks at work pave the way for the development of positive attitudes and behaviors by the employees (Coyle-Shapiro & Kessler, 2000). Positive SC encourages employees to engage in SB together with organizational rewards, while negative SC encourages unsafe behaviors (Oliver, Cheyne, Tomas, & Cox, 2002;Tomas, Melia, & Oliver, 1999). At the same time, it provides the sustainability of SB, including positive SC, safety participation and compliance (Cheyne, Cox, Oliver, & Tomas, 1998).…”

Section: The Relationship Between Sc and Sbmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship amongst Person-Organization Fit, Safety Consciousness, Safety Climate and Safety Behavior

Ölçer¹,

Durmuscelebi²

2018

IJBM

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Technological advances have reduced accident rates caused by machine-related errors, accidents that have occurred in individual and organizational errors are still continuing. Safety perceptions, attitudes and beliefs of people and their personality traits emerge safe or unsafe behaviors in the work environment. In addition, high congruence of employee characteristics and organizational characteristics supports the creation of a safe working environment. The purposes of this study were to examine the effect of airline employees' person-organization fit, and safety consciousness on safety behavior and investigate the mediation role of safety climate on these effects. The data collected from planning, operations control, flight safety and quality employees of an airline operating in Turkey (N=178). Data were analyzed with the SPSS 22.0 program and factor, correlation and regression analyzes were performed to identify interrelationships with descriptive statistics. Findings show that person-organization fit, and safety consciousness had positive effects on safety climate and safety behavior; safety climate had full mediation role in the effect of person-organization fit on safety behavior; and had a partial mediation role in the effect of safety consciousness on safety behavior.

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The effects of organizational and individual factors on occupational accidents

Cited by 159 publications

References 23 publications

Safety climate, perceived risk, and involvement in safety management

Safety climate, perceived risk, and involvement in safety management

Patient safety during medication administration: The influence of organizational and individual variables on unsafe work practices and medication errors

The Relationship amongst Person-Organization Fit, Safety Consciousness, Safety Climate and Safety Behavior

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