The Effects of Perioperative Probiotics on Postoperative Gastrointestinal Function in Patients with Brain Tumors: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study

Jiang, Mengyang; Zhang, Xiaoyu; Zhang, Yiqiang; Liu, Yang; Geng, Ran; Liu, Haixia; Sun, Yongxing; Wang, Baoguo

doi:10.1080/01635581.2023.2178929

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Time to first bowel movement and flatulence were significantly shorter in the probiotic group compared to the placebo group (p<0.001, respectively). Findings suggest that probiotics may improve gastrogut motility in patients undergoing craniotomy [15].…”

Section: Probiotics Gut Microbiota and Cellular Physiologymentioning

confidence: 93%

Influences of probiotics and gut microbiota on immunomodulation for the treatment of patients with cancer: a systematic review

Braga,

Oliveira,

Teixeira

et al. 2024

IJN

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Introduction: Immunomodulation and immunostimulation are the main mechanisms of action of probiotics in the fight against cancer. Objective: It was to carry out a systematic review of the influences of probiotics and gut microbiota on immunomodulation for the treatment of cancer patients. Methods: The PRISMA Platform systematic review rules were followed. The research was carried out from September to October 2023 in the Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo, and Google Scholar databases. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument and the risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results and Conclusion: A total of 125 articles were found, and 35 articles were evaluated in full and 18 were included and developed in the present systematic review study. Considering the Cochrane tool for risk of bias, the overall assessment resulted in 45 studies with a high risk of bias and 15 studies that did not meet GRADE and AMSTAR-2. Most studies showed homogeneity in their results, with X2=55.4%>50%. It was concluded that probiotics suppress inflammation by inhibiting several signaling pathways and reducing the global activation of NF-κβ and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Probiotics influence receptor antagonism, receptor expression, binding and expression of adapter proteins, expression of negative regulatory signal molecules, and mainly the induction of microRNAs. These microRNAs can modulate the gene expression of tumor cells together with regulatory T cells that have important functions in the tumor microenvironment, mainly in inducing immune evasion. Some modulatory effects of probiotics include the production of cytokines by epithelial cells, increased mucin secretion and phagocytosis and NK cell activity, activation of T and NKT cells, stimulation of IgA production, and decreased proliferation of T cells. The gut microbiota has a major impact on the systemic immune system. The specific microbiota controls cell differentiation in which CD4+ T cells (Th17 cells) secrete IL-17. The presence of Th17 cells and regulatory T cells is associated with the gut microbiota.

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Section: Probiotics Gut Microbiota and Cellular Physiologymentioning

confidence: 93%

Influences of probiotics and gut microbiota on immunomodulation for the treatment of patients with cancer: a systematic review

Braga,

Oliveira,

Teixeira

et al. 2024

IJN

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show abstract

“…In another randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study of 100 adults with slow transit constipation [ 116 ], supplementation of synbiotics increased stool frequency, improved stool consistency, reduced intestinal transit time, improved intestinal motility, and relieved constipation. In a prospective, randomized controlled trial targeting patients undergoing craniotomy, oral supplementation with probiotics shortes the time of first stool and flatus [ 117 ]. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG promotes passing gas and the first postoperative stock of patients suffering pylorus preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy [ 118 ].…”

Section: Probiotic Supplements To Improve Postoperative Intestinal Mo...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the gut microbiota and their metabolites on postoperative intestinal motility and its underlying mechanisms

et al. 2023

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Gut microbiota is closely related to human health and disease because, together with their metabolites, gut microbiota maintain normal intestinal peristalsis. The use of antibiotics or opioid anesthetics, or both, during surgical procedures can lead to dysbiosis and affect intestinal motility; however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully known. This review aims to discuss the effect of gut microbiota and their metabolites on postoperative intestinal motility, focusing on regulating the enteric nervous system, 5-hydroxytryptamine neurotransmitter, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor.

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Overview of the Efficacy of Using Probiotics for Neurosurgical and Potential Neurosurgical Patients

Fijan,

Šmigoc

2024

Microorganisms

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This review delves into the emerging field of the gut microbiota–brain axis, emphasizing its bidirectional communication and implications for neurological health, particularly in trauma and neurosurgery. While disruptions in this axis can lead to dysbiosis and hinder neurological recovery, recent studies have highlighted the therapeutic potential of interventions like probiotics in targeting this axis. This review aims to focus on the efficacy of probiotic supplementation to support the gut microbiota–brain axis in trauma, neurosurgery, or pain based on the current clinical trials to assess the complex interplays among probiotics, the gut microbiota, and the central nervous system (CNS). This comprehensive literature review identified 10 relevant publications on probiotic interventions for various neurosurgical conditions across multiple countries. These studies demonstrated diverse outcomes, with significant improvements observed in gastrointestinal mobility, inflammatory responses, and infection rates, particularly in post-traumatic brain injury and spinal surgery. Probiotics also showed promise in mitigating antibiotic-associated diarrhea and modulating inflammatory cytokines. Despite the promising findings, the complex interplays among probiotics, the gut microbiota, and the central nervous system (CNS) call for cautious interpretation. Conflicting outcomes emphasize the need for better-designed trials to understand strain-specific and disease-specific effects accurately. In conclusion, probiotics offer a promising adjuvant therapy for neurosurgical patients, traumatic brain injuries, and post-spinal surgery. However, further well-designed randomized controlled trials are essential to elucidate the intricate relationship between microbiome-modulating interventions and the CNS via the gut microbiota–brain axis.

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The Effects of Perioperative Probiotics on Postoperative Gastrointestinal Function in Patients with Brain Tumors: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study

Cited by 3 publications

References 55 publications

Influences of probiotics and gut microbiota on immunomodulation for the treatment of patients with cancer: a systematic review

Influences of probiotics and gut microbiota on immunomodulation for the treatment of patients with cancer: a systematic review

Effect of the gut microbiota and their metabolites on postoperative intestinal motility and its underlying mechanisms

Overview of the Efficacy of Using Probiotics for Neurosurgical and Potential Neurosurgical Patients

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