The effects of periparturient events, mastitis, lameness and ketosis on reproductive performance of Holstein cows in a hot environment

Abstract

ABSTRACT. The aim of this study was to determine the association among periparturient events such as mastitis, lameness (infectious and non-infectious) and ketosis and the reproductive performance of high producing Holstein cows in a hot environment. The health status and reproductive data variables were recorded from 6,566 completed lactations in a large dairy operation. A logistic regression model with the stepwise procedure was used, considering the occurrence of the health problems during the pre-breeding period as fixed effect risk factors and reproductive variables as dependent variables. Pregnancy rate of cows contracting clinical mastitis (CM) around the period of first inseminations was five percentage points lower than cows without this disease. Cows with CM shortly before or after the first service had twice the risk of requiring more than three services per pregnancy than cows with healthy udders. Cows experiencing abortion, laminitis or metritis were two times more likely to require >3 services per pregnancy than cows not experiencing these reproductive disorders. Cows experiencing lameness, mastitis and metritis presented a significantly longer interval between calving and pregnancy compared to healthy cows. Ketosis and lameness increased the odds of a cow of being inseminated for the first time after 70 days in milk. In conclusion, these results suggest that abortion, ketosis, CM, retained placenta (RP), metritis, and lameness are associated with decreased reproductive performance in high producing Holstein cows subjected to thermal stress.

Association between clinical and subclinical mastitis and reproductive performance of cows at Nottingham dairy centre

“…Fertility in dairy herds has been declined in the UK and over the world during the last decade and regarded as a major negative factor of herd profitability (1)(2)(3). There are numerous factors that influence the reproductive performance of highly yielding dairy cows including uterine inflammation (4,5) and lameness (6,7). Clinical mastitis (CM) regarded as an important disease event in dairy cattle, with the recent data estimate that incidence rate of clinical mastitis in the UK ranged from 50 to 70 cases per 100 cow/years (8).…”

Influence of Mastitis on Resumption of Ovarian Activity and ‎postpartum Reproductive Measurements in Baladi Cows

“…Prolonged days open in mastitis dairy cows may be linked to the release of endotoxins into the bloodstream from an infected udder, which promotes the production of prostaglandin F 2α resulting in premature luteolysis (Huszenicza et al, 2005). Mellado et al (2018) found that in mastitis Holstein cows, the time from parturition to conception tended to be longer than healthy cows. Vacek et al (2007), Chegini et al (2016) and Bouamra et al (2017) reported that the interval from calving to conception was longer (135 -189, day) in cows had mastitis compared to healthy dairy cows (116-147, day).…”

“…Schrick et al (2001) found that cows with clinical or subclinical mastitis before first service had increased services per conception (2.1) compared with healthy cows (1.6). Mellado et al (2018) stated that higher number of services per pregnancy in cows with mastitis (3.1, services) than (2.9, services) in healthy Holstein cows.…”

“…Marques et al (2015) found that mastitis-affected cows had a lower conception rate (22%) than healthy cows (44%). The conception rate in mastitis-affected cows was 36%, compared to 41% in healthy Holstein cows (Mellado et al, 2018). Whether the intra-mammary infection induced gram-positive or gram-negative bacteria, clinical mastitis after artificial insemination is linked to a low conception rate (Schrick et al, 2001and Konig et al, 2006.…”

Tropical study on Clinical and Host Cell Responses of Acute Phase Proteins, Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Antibodies’ in Lactating Dairy Cows Vaccinated and Challenged with S. aureus

“…The disease condition is found in most dairy farms [4] and characterised by in amed and red udder, enlarged supramammary lymph nodes, distended teat, reduced milk production, lowered milk quality and loss of mammary integrity [5,6,7]. This disease condition is associated with considerable economic losses to the dairy farmers worldwide and of serious public health importance [8] mainly due to contamination and condemnation of dairy products [3,7], cost of antibiotic treatment and associated decreased reproductive performances of affected cows [9,10]. Due to the sub-clinical nature of mastitis, control is usually di cult and hence prevalence in dairy animals is high [11].…”