The effects of physical context changes and multiple extinction contexts on two forms of renewal in a conditioned suppression task with humans

Neumann, David L.

doi:10.1016/j.lmot.2005.06.004

Cited by 52 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Our finding that extinction in multiple contexts reduced ABC renewal is consistent with previous evidence (e.g., Bouton et al, 2006a, b;Glautier et al, 2013;Gunther et al, 1998;Neumann, 2006;Vansteenwegen et al, 2007; but see Bouton et al, 2006a), and the present study demonstrates the generality of the previous work. In the case of ABA renewal, however, the evidence is less clear.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…In accordance with the present study, other researchers have also reported no attenuation of ABA renewal due to extinction in multiple contexts (e.g., Betancourt et al, 2008;Bouton et al, 2006a;Neumann et al, 2007). However, there have also been a number of demonstrations of the effectiveness of extinction in multiple contexts in ABA renewal (e.g., Chelonis et al, 1999;Neumann, 2006). Some factors might explain these differences.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The present experiments extend these studies by demonstrating that extinction proceeds slower in multiple contexts, even if there is no basis for contextual inhibition. However, we also found evidence that extinction in multiple contexts does not necessarily have an effect on the extinction rate (e.g., Glautier et al, 2013;Neumann, 2006). The reasons for this difference are not clear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…It has been shown to attenuate renewal in rats using fear conditioning (Gunther, Denniston, & Miller, 1998;Thomas, Vurbic, & Novak, 2009; and conditioned taste aversion (Chelonis, Calton, Hart, & Schachtman, 1999). With human subjects, it has been examined in predictive learning (Neumann, 2006;Glautier, Elgueta, & Nelson, 2013), fear of spiders (Vansteenwegen et al, 2007), and fear conditioning (Bandarian Balooch & Neumann, 2011).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extinction in multiple contexts: Effects on the rate of extinction and the strength of response recovery

et al. 2016

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In two human predictive-learning experiments, we investigated the effects of extinction in multiple contexts on the rate of extinction and the strength of response recovery. In each experiment, participants initially received acquisition training with a target cue in one context, followed by extinction either in a different context (extinction in a single context) or in three different contexts (extinction in multiple contexts). The results of both experiments showed that conducting extinction in multiple contexts led to higher levels of responding during extinction than did extinction in a single context. Additionally, Experiment 2 showed that extinction in multiple contexts prevented ABC renewal but had no detectable impact on ABA renewal. Our results are discussed within the framework of contemporary learning theories of contextual control and extinction.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extinction in multiple contexts: Effects on the rate of extinction and the strength of response recovery

et al. 2016

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“…For example, auditory stimuli can be used as CS while changes in the screen color of a monitor provide the conditioning context (Armony and Dolan 2001). Context changes can also be implemented by modifying ambient lighting conditions and/or by playing different background noises (Effting and Kindt 2007;Neumann et al 2007;Neumann 2006;Vansteenwegen et al 2005). It is unclear how these studies relate to animal investigations.…”

Section: Context Conditioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Models and mechanisms of anxiety: evidence from startle studies

2007

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Rationale-Preclinical data indicates that threat stimuli elicit two classes of defensive behaviors, those that are associated with imminent danger and are characterized by avoidance or fight (fear), and those that are associated with temporally uncertain danger and are characterized by sustained apprehension and hypervigilance (anxiety).Objective-To 1) review evidence for a distinction between fear and anxiety in animal and human experimental models using the startle reflex as an operational measure of aversive states, 2) describe experimental models of anxiety, as opposed to fear, in humans, 3) examine the relevance of these models to clinical anxiety.Results-The distinction between phasic fear to imminent threat and sustained anxiety to temporally uncertain danger is suggested by psychopharmacological and behavioral evidence from ethological studies and can be traced back to distinct neuroanatomical systems, the amygdala and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. Experimental models of anxiety, not fear, are relevant to nonphobic anxiety disorders.Conclusions-Progress in our understanding of normal and abnormal anxiety is critically dependent on our ability to model sustained aversive states to temporally uncertain threat.

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A dissociation between recognition and reactivation: The renewal effect at 3 months of age

Cuevas

Learmonth

Rovee‐Collier

2015

Developmental Psychobiology

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Extinction allows organisms to adapt to an ever-changing environment. Despite its theoretical and applied significance, extinction has never been systematically studied with human infants. Using the operant mobile task, we examined whether 3-month-olds would exhibit evidence of original learning following extinction. In a recognition paradigm, infants exhibited renewal when tested in the acquisition context (ABA renewal) or a neutral context (ABC and AAB renewal) 1 day following extinction (Experiment 1a) and spontaneous recovery 3 days following extinction (Experiment 1b). In Experiments 2a-2b, we used a reminder paradigm to examine whether the extinguished response could be reinstated after the operant response had been forgotten. We failed, however, to find reinstatement of extinguished responding after spontaneous forgetting, regardless of the reminder and test contexts. We attributed this retention failure to competing responses at test. Although extinguished responding is recovered during infancy, this effect is elusive after the response has been forgotten.

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The effects of physical context changes and multiple extinction contexts on two forms of renewal in a conditioned suppression task with humans

Abstract: The effects of 1 Running head: RENEWAL OF CONDITIONED SUPPRESSION IN HUMANS The effects of physical context changes and multiple extinction contexts on two forms of renewal in a conditioned suppression task with humans

Cited by 52 publications

References 32 publications

Extinction in multiple contexts: Effects on the rate of extinction and the strength of response recovery

Extinction in multiple contexts: Effects on the rate of extinction and the strength of response recovery

Models and mechanisms of anxiety: evidence from startle studies

A dissociation between recognition and reactivation: The renewal effect at 3 months of age

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