The Effects of Seasonal Variability and Weather on Microbial Fecal Pollution and Enteric Pathogens in a Subtropical Estuary

Lipp, Erin K.; Kurz, Raymond; Vincent, Robert; Rodriguez-Palacios, Cesar; Farrah, Samuel R.; Rose, Joan B.

doi:10.2307/1352950

Cited by 233 publications

(150 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Temperature and rainfall can affect the some microorganisms growth and permanence such as E. coli and Enterococcus spp. [27,28]. The increase of pollutants load (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and Microbiological Parameters in Fresh Water and Sediments to Evaluate the Pollution Risk in the Reno River Watershed (North Italy)

Ferronato¹,

Modesto²,

Stefanini³

et al. 2013

JWARP

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The European Water Framework (WFD) establishes a framework for the protection and the monitoring condition of all natural superficial waters of the member States. The Italian Legislative Decree n. 156/2006 implements the WFD establishing a monitoring system which foresees a detailed detection of several physical, chemical and microbiological parameters in order to assess the qualitative status of the water body. This study reports the freshwater quality in the Reno river basin (North Italy) from 2003 to 2011. The Reno superficial water was classified as "good" in the mountain stations and at the closed basin while in all the other stations of the Po plain the quality was from "mediocre" to "poor". The decrease of water quality was due to the flowing of artificial canals that collect discharges the wastewater of sewage treatment plants, drainage and run-off from the urban, industrial and agricultural lands. In spring-summer 2011, characterized by severe drought, a study on the distribution of pollutants and nutrients in water of the Reno river and its tributaries highlight the impact of highway (Via Emilia) that closes the mountain basin of water courses. Along this street cities and industrial and craft have developed, increasing discharges of pollutants and nutrients in rivers. An increase of metals and nutrients was found from upstream to downstream, furthermore the concentration of the microbiological faecal indicators were two to three times higher than those determined in the water upstream of urban/industrial settlements. The thresholds of Italian Law for Hg and Pb were exceeding in all most rivers. The sediments analysis was also performed because they can be considered a sink and/or source for pollutants. In many monitoring sites the metals concentrations was higher than the thresholds of Italia Low (data not shown), but the availability of these metals was tested with mixtures of different strength extracting (EDTA, DTPA and water). The coefficient of partition solid/water (Kd) was calculated to evaluate the metals affinity to be in the aqueous phase and it increase as following Cr > Mn > Ni > Pb > Zn > Cu > Cd.

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“…Temperature and rainfall can affect the some microorganisms growth and permanence such as E. coli and Enterococcus spp. [27,28]. The increase of pollutants load (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and Microbiological Parameters in Fresh Water and Sediments to Evaluate the Pollution Risk in the Reno River Watershed (North Italy)

Ferronato¹,

Modesto²,

Stefanini³

et al. 2013

JWARP

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“…A recent year-long microbiologic survey of a southwest Florida estuary (Charlotte Harbor) showed that the concentrations of fecal indicator organisms during winter of the high-precipitation El Niño of 1997/1998 were manyfold greater than were the concentrations found throughout the rest of the year (131). During the same period, infectious enteroviruses were detected at 75% of the sites sampled, whereas in previous months no viruses were found.…”

Section: Foodborne Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Climate variability and change in the United States: potential impacts on water- and foodborne diseases caused by microbiologic agents.

Rose

Epstein

Lipp

et al. 2001

Environ Health Perspect

203

156

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Exposure to waterborne and foodborne pathogens can occur via drinking water (associated with fecal contamination), seafood (due to natural microbial hazards, toxins, or wastewater disposal) or fresh produce (irrigated or processed with contaminated water). Weather influences the transport and dissemination of these microbial agents via rainfall and runoff and the survival and/or growth through such factors as temperature. Federal and state laws and regulatory programs protect much of the U.S. population from waterborne disease; however, if climate variability increases, current and future deficiencies in areas such as watershed protection, infrastructure, and storm drainage systems will probably increase the risk of contamination events. Knowledge about transport processes and the fate of microbial pollutants associated with rainfall and snowmelt is key to predicting risks from a change in weather variability. Although recent studies identified links between climate variability and occurrence of microbial agents in water, the relationships need further quantification in the context of other stresses. In the marine environment as well, there are few studies that adequately address the potential health effects of climate variability in combination with other stresses such as overfishing, introduced species, and rise in sea level. Advances in monitoring are necessary to enhance early-warning and prevention capabilities. Application of existing technologies, such as molecular fingerprinting to track contaminant sources or satellite remote sensing to detect coastal algal blooms, could be expanded. This assessment recommends incorporating a range of future scenarios of improvement plans for current deficiencies in the public health infrastructure to achieve more realistic risk assessments.

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“…Water quality issues In developing countries, the microbiological quality of water is poor because of the lack of sanitation, lack of proper treatment methods, and poor health conditions (Lipp et al, 2001;Jiménez, 2003;Maya et al, 2003;WHO, 2004). Climate change may impose additional stresses on water quality, especially in developing countries (Magadza, 2000;Kashyap, 2004;Pachauri, 2004).…”

Section: 244mentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance and Resilience of A Stream Salamander To Supraseasonal Drought

2012

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The Effects of Seasonal Variability and Weather on Microbial Fecal Pollution and Enteric Pathogens in a Subtropical Estuary

Cited by 233 publications

References 25 publications

Chemical and Microbiological Parameters in Fresh Water and Sediments to Evaluate the Pollution Risk in the Reno River Watershed (North Italy)

Chemical and Microbiological Parameters in Fresh Water and Sediments to Evaluate the Pollution Risk in the Reno River Watershed (North Italy)

Climate variability and change in the United States: potential impacts on water- and foodborne diseases caused by microbiologic agents.

Resistance and Resilience of A Stream Salamander To Supraseasonal Drought

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