The Effects of Social Anxiety, Self-Esteem, and Depression on Suicidal Ideation in Korean Adolescents

Abstract

ObjectivesZZThe purpose of this study was to investigate the manner by which social anxiety symptoms, self-esteem, and depression influence suicidal ideation in adolescents.MethodsZZThis study involved 1320 middle school students. All participants completed several self-assessment questionnaires. Correlations among variables were assessed, and multiple regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationships between variables and suicidal ideation. Finally, a structural equation model was used to determine the pathways by which the tested variables can influence suicidal ideation.ResultsZZSymptoms of social anxiety were positively correlated with depression and suicidal ideation, but were negatively correlated with self-esteem. Additionally, multiple regression analysis revealed that social anxiety symptoms, depression, and self-esteem were significantly related to suicidal ideation. The influence of social anxiety symptoms on suicidal ideation was associated with an increase in depression, whereas self-esteem acted as an intermediary between social anxiety symptoms and depression.ConclusionZZThe results of the present study demonstrate that social anxiety symptoms can directly increase depression and lower self-esteem, which in turn can increase the risk of suicidal ideation. Thus, it may be possible to prevent depression and ultimately lower the risk of suicide in adolescents by pursuing programs designed for the early detection of social anxiety symptoms and by using intervention programs that improve self-esteem.J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc 2016;55(4):450-457 KEY WORDSZZ Adolescent · Social anxiety · Self-esteem · Depression · Suicidal ideation.

Ideación suicida en adolescentes del área rural: estilo de crianza y bienestar psicológico

“…De hecho, la predicción de la autoestima en la ideación suicida se manifestó a través de la competencia negativa (apreciación negativa de otras personas hacia sí mismo). En estudios conducidos en diferentes escenarios se ha comprobado que la baja autoestima es un factor asociado a la ideación suicida en adolescentes con depresión (52)(53)(54), y que autoestima y depresión interactúan en la ideación suicida; es decir, al aumentar la depresión disminuye la autoestima, lo que lleva a la ideación suicida (55). Incluso, en un estudio longitudinal se señalan las relaciones entre estas variables, indicando que la autoestima se puede considerar como un predictor de la depresión, pero no viceversa (56).…”

Risk Factors Influencing Frequency of Suicidal Ideation in Korean Middle School Students: Applying Zero-Inflated Negative Binomial Regression Model

“…청소년의 자살 생각에 영향을 미치는 요인으로는 성 별, 학년 등의 인구사회학적 특성 뿐 아니라 우울, 자기통제 력, 자아존중감 등의 개인체계 변수, 부모의 자녀학대, 가정 폭력, 부모애착 등의 가족체계 변수, 친구 관계, 따돌림 등의 또래체계 변수 및 교사의 지지, 학교 폭력, 학업 스트레스 등 의 학교체계 변수로 다양하다 (Hong SH et al, 2016 (Oh SG, 2006;Min AR et al, 2014;Shin HJ et al, 2014 (Kim SW et al, 2010;Min AR et al, 2014;Sohn SY, 2014;Kim EK, 2018 (Park JY, 2010;Kang HY et al, 2013). 더불어 청소년기 학교적응 및 스트레스와 관련된 갈등, 두려움 등으로 인한 불안은 자존감 저하나 우울과 밀접한 관계를 맺게 되고 이는 다시 자살문제로 연결될 수 있다 (Kim GS et al, 2012;Yao et al, 2014;An YS et al, 2016…”

Relationship of explicit/implicit self‐esteem discrepancies, suicide ideation, and suicide risk in patients with major depressive disorder

“…Some studies have found that low self‐esteem is directly related to depression (Tripkovic et al, 2015; Yoo et al, 2015) and indirectly related to SI (Lin, 2015a). Other studies have revealed the mediating role of self‐esteem in the relationship between negative/stressful events and depression/suicide (An et al, 2016; J. Y. Kim & Lee, 2015; Lin, 2015b; Yusufov et al, 2017). In other words, low self‐esteem has been suggested to be an important predictor of depression, SI, and suicide attempt (Jo & Seong, 2016; J. Y. Kim & Lee, 2015).…”

“…Some studies have found that low self-esteem is directly related to depression (Tripkovic et al, 2015;Yoo et al, 2015) and indirectly related to SI (Lin, 2015a). Other studies have revealed the mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship between negative/stressful events and depression/suicide (An et al, 2016; J. Y. Lin, 2015b;Yusufov et al, 2017).…”