2015
DOI: 10.1111/een.12196
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The effects of starvation and repeated disturbance on mass loss, pit construction, and spatial pattern in a trap‐building predator

Abstract: 1. Starvation tolerance is an important trait for animals, as most will encounter starvation within their lifetime. Sit‐and‐wait predators are better adapted to starvation owing to their naturally low encounter rate with prey. 2. Starvation tolerance was studied under three levels of disturbance of wormlion larvae, a strict sit‐and‐wait predator that constructs pits. 3. Frequently disturbed wormlions constructed pits less often, and larger individuals continued to construct pits more frequently than smaller on… Show more

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Cited by 17 publications
(8 citation statements)
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“…In another group of trap builders, wormlions (Diptera: Vermileonidae), which represent an example of convergent evolution with antlions and sometimes even occur in sympatry [ 46 , 47 ], the effects of experience of various kinds are complex. For example, starvation periods sometimes increase the neighbouring distance in these dipterans but sometimes not, depending on other factors [ 48 , 49 ]. Abiotic conditions, such as previous medium quality or light exposure, most likely have little effect on the behaviours of wormlions [ 50 52 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In another group of trap builders, wormlions (Diptera: Vermileonidae), which represent an example of convergent evolution with antlions and sometimes even occur in sympatry [ 46 , 47 ], the effects of experience of various kinds are complex. For example, starvation periods sometimes increase the neighbouring distance in these dipterans but sometimes not, depending on other factors [ 48 , 49 ]. Abiotic conditions, such as previous medium quality or light exposure, most likely have little effect on the behaviours of wormlions [ 50 52 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although the morphology of each species is strikingly different (see Figure 1 in the Supplementary Material ), their pits are almost indistinguishable. Other similarities include a high starvation tolerance (typical of any sit-and-wait predator; Scharf and Ovadia 2006 ; Scharf and Dor 2015 ) and an active process of habitat choice based on abiotic factors, such as substrate type ( Devetak and Arnett 2015 ). However, whereas antlions are cannibals ( Barkae et al.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This insect is very common in cities, inhabiting the thin loose soil layer below buildings ( Dor et al. 2014 ; Scharf and Dor 2015 ). The larval stage in both species is long (at least a year), and the adults are weak-flying and short-lived.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Hedgerow bottoms are full of debris and we reasoned that antlion larvae should have the ability to choose places for pit excavation which are relatively free of debris such as plant roots, fallen twigs and leaves. Indeed, antlion larvae do seem skilfully to choose sites where they have adequate space for their pits [42,43]. Hence, antlion larvae should centre their pits in suitable places provided for them.…”
Section: Experimental Materials and Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%