The effects of strength, aerobic, and concurrent exercise on skeletal muscle damage in rats

Rech, Anderson; Radaelli, Régis; Assis, Adriano Martimbianco de; Fernandes, João Roberto; Longoni, Aline; Vozari-Hampe, Magdolna M.; Pinto, Ronei Silveira; Matté, Cristiane

doi:10.1002/mus.24091

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…However, in highly trained athletes the balance between ROS/RNS and the intracellular antioxidant defences is tenuous. Athletes may not achieve the same benefits from RE training as more strenuous exercise sessions promote chronic oxidative stress (Tanskanen et al 2010), inflammation, muscle fatigue, pain (Kreher et al 2012) and damage (Turner et al 2011;Rech et al 2014). Therefore in this study we submitted rats to a high-intensity resistance exercise protocol, in conjunction with oral supplementation using L-glutamine and Lalanine, in either their free or DIP form, and investigated the GLN-GSH axis and HSP-27 mediated cytoprotection.…”

Section: R a F Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

l-glutamine and l-alanine supplementation increase glutamine-glutathione axis and muscle HSP-27 in rats trained using a progressive high-intensity resistance exercise

Leite

Raizel

Hypólito

et al. 2016

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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In this study we investigated the chronic effects of oral l-glutamine and l-alanine supplementation, either in their free or dipeptide form, on glutamine-glutathione (GLN-GSH) axis and cytoprotection mediated by HSP-27 in rats submitted to resistance exercise (RE). Forty Wistar rats were distributed into 5 groups: sedentary; trained (CTRL); and trained supplemented with l-alanyl-l-glutamine, l-glutamine and l-alanine in their free form (GLN+ALA), or free l-alanine (ALA). All trained animals were submitted to a 6-week ladder-climbing protocol. Supplementations were offered in a 4% drinking water solution for 21 days prior to euthanasia. Plasma glutamine, creatine kinase (CK), myoglobin (MYO), and erythrocyte concentration of reduced GSH and glutathione disulfide (GSSG) were measured. In tibialis anterior skeletal muscle, GLN-GSH axis, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and the expression of heat shock factor 1 (HSF-1), 27-kDa heat shock protein (HSP-27), and glutamine synthetase were determined. In CRTL animals, high-intensity RE reduced muscle glutamine levels and increased GSSG/GSH rate and TBARS, as well as augmented plasma CK and MYO levels. Conversely, l-glutamine-supplemented animals showed an increase in plasma and muscle levels of glutamine, with a reduction in GSSG/GSH rate, TBARS, and CK. Free l-alanine administration increased plasma glutamine concentration and lowered muscle TBARS. HSF-1 and HSP-27 were high in all supplemented groups when compared with CTRL (p < 0.05). The results presented herein demonstrate that l-glutamine supplemented with l-alanine, in both a free or dipeptide form, improve the GLN-GSH axis and promote cytoprotective effects in rats submitted to high-intensity RE training.

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Section: R a F Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

l-glutamine and l-alanine supplementation increase glutamine-glutathione axis and muscle HSP-27 in rats trained using a progressive high-intensity resistance exercise

Leite

Raizel

Hypólito

et al. 2016

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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“…In animal model, focal edema and inflammation fibers were observed several days after eccentric exercise (Sudo and Kano 2009). The EI is also increased several days after exercise in animal (Rech et al 2014) and human (Chen et al 2012;Chen et al 2010). A previous study (Fujikake et al 2009) using rat tibialis anterior muscles observed EI change after injection of bupivacaine hydrochloride (BPVC) that induced muscle damage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Previous studies have reported that enhanced muscle echo intensity (EI) obtained by ultrasonography was concomitant with increased muscle size (Chen and Nosaka 2006;Gonzalez-Izal et al 2014). The increase of EI is considered as an index of muscle tissue abnormality, muscle swelling, or muscle damage after the exercise (Fujikake et al 2009;Rech et al 2014). It is well known that eccentric contraction induces the delayed increase of EI at 2-5 days after exercise (Chen et al 2012;Chen et al 2010;Matta et al 2018), but the acute change of EI inconsistent in previous literature (Jenkins et al 2015;Muddle et al 2019;Radaelli et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute effect of multiple sets of fatiguing resistance exercise on muscle thickness, echo intensity, and extracellular-to-intracellular water ratio

Taniguchi

Yamada

Ichihashi

2020

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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Resistance exercise (RE) causes an acute increase of the muscle thickness (MT) considered to relate to an increase in tissue water content. Segmental bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (S-BIS) is a tool used to noninvasively assess intra- and extra-cellular water (ICW and ECW, respectively) of a given limb segment. The purpose of the present study was to examine the change of MT, ultrasound echo intensity (EI), ICW, and ECW after 3 sets of exhaustive RE. Eighteen untrained young males (age, 25.4 ± 4.1 years) performed RE consisting of 3 sets of knee extension concentric and eccentric contractions with 80% of 1-repetition maximum to failure. The MT and EI of the quadriceps measured by ultrasonography, and ECW/ICW ratio of the thigh assessed by S-BIS before (baseline) and after each set of RE (PostEx1, 2, and 3). The changes (Δ) in MT, EI, and ECW/ICW ratio were calculated as values of PostEx minus baseline values. The values of MT, EI, and ECW/ICW ratio at PostEx3 were significantly higher than baseline (effect size: MT, 1.11; EI, 0.47; and ECW/ICW ratio, 0.45). In addition, ΔMT was significantly and moderately correlated with ΔECW/ICW ratio (r = 0.61). Integrated data showed weak but significant correlation between ΔEI and ΔECW/ICW ratio as well (r = 0.31). The present results suggest multiple sets of exhaustive knee extension RE induce the acute increase of EI and ECW/ICW ratio as well as MT. The acute increase of muscle size after exercise can be at least partly explained by relative ECW increase.

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“…However, using malondialdehyde (MDA), Araneda et al (2014) observed no evidence of lipid peroxidation, when measured 80 min after a 10-km run. The marker used not only to characterise oxidative stress, but also the time of measurement postexercise as well as to crucial variables (Michailidis et al, 2007;Rech et al, 2014). Indeed, it has been observed that the levels of biomarkers of lipid peroxidation may be maximal immediately after exercise or until 1 hour after the end of exercise in blood (Michailidis et al, 2007;Samitas et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased exhaled breath condensate 8‐isoprostane after a swimming session in competitive swimmers

Morissette¹,

Murray²,

Turmel³

et al. 2015

European Journal of Sport Science

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The effects of strength, aerobic, and concurrent exercise on skeletal muscle damage in rats

Abstract: Forty-eight hours was sufficient for complete recovery from oxidative stress and muscle damage in the SE and CE groups, but not in the AE group.

Cited by 12 publications

References 32 publications

l-glutamine and l-alanine supplementation increase glutamine-glutathione axis and muscle HSP-27 in rats trained using a progressive high-intensity resistance exercise

l-glutamine and l-alanine supplementation increase glutamine-glutathione axis and muscle HSP-27 in rats trained using a progressive high-intensity resistance exercise

Acute effect of multiple sets of fatiguing resistance exercise on muscle thickness, echo intensity, and extracellular-to-intracellular water ratio

Increased exhaled breath condensate 8‐isoprostane after a swimming session in competitive swimmers

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